1 Kings 12:9
He asked them, "What message do you advise that we send back to these people who have spoken to me, saying, 'Lighten the yoke your father put on us'?"
He asked them,

Rehoboam turned to the young men who had grown up with him and now served in his court. Having rejected the seasoned counsel of the elders who had served Solomon, he placed the future of the kingdom before advisers whose loyalty to him outweighed their experience in governing.

2Ch 10:6 Then King Rehoboam consulted with the elders…
Est 1:13 Then the king consulted the wise men who knew the times,…
Pro 15:22 Plans fail for lack of counsel.…

“What message do you advise

Rehoboam asked what answer should be returned to the assembly. The decision would reveal whether his reign would begin with humble service or with an assertion of royal power.

2Ch 10:7 They replied, “If you will be kind to these people…
Pro 11:14 For lack of guidance, a nation falls,…
Pro 19:20 Listen to counsel and accept discipline…

that we send back to these people

The people were the tribes of Israel gathered at Shechem, a place associated with covenant renewal and national unity. Their request gave Rehoboam an opportunity to strengthen the kingdom through justice and mercy.

2Ch 10:9-11 He asked them, “What message do you advise that we send back…
Pro 15:1 A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word…
Pro 25:11 A word fitly spoken is like apples of gold…

who have spoken to me, saying,

Israel had directly appealed to its new king, asking him to hear the hardship created under Solomon’s later administration. Their words tested whether Rehoboam would recognize that authority is accountable to God for the welfare of those under it.

Neh 5:1-5 About that time there was a great outcry…
Exo 5:15-18 So the Israelite foremen went and appealed to Pharaoh:…
1Sa 8:4-5 So all the elders of Israel gathered together…

‘Lighten the yoke your father put on us’?”

The yoke included heavy taxation and forced labor connected with Solomon’s ambitious building programs and royal court. Israel’s plea recalled the oppression from which God had delivered them in Egypt, while also exposing how easily a king of Israel could resemble the rulers of surrounding nations. Rehoboam’s response would determine whether he ruled as a shepherd of God’s people or deepened the burdens that led to division.

2Ch 10:4 Your father put a heavy yoke on us. But now you must…
Jer 30:8 On that day, declares the LORD of Hosts,…
Mat 11:28-30 Come to Me, all you who are weary and burdened,…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Rehoboam
The son of Solomon and the king of Israel at this time. He is seeking counsel on how to respond to the people's request to lighten their burdens.

2. The Elders
Older advisors who had served Solomon, offering wisdom based on experience and tradition.

3. The Young Men
Rehoboam's contemporaries who grew up with him, offering advice that aligns with their youthful perspective.

4. Israelites
The people of Israel who are requesting relief from the heavy burdens imposed by Solomon.

5. Shechem
The place where Rehoboam went to be made king, and where this consultation takes place.
Teaching Points
The Importance of Wise Counsel
Rehoboam's decision to seek advice is commendable, but the source of that advice is crucial. We must discern between worldly wisdom and godly wisdom.

The Consequences of Ignoring Experience
The elders' advice was rooted in experience and understanding of the people's needs. Ignoring seasoned wisdom can lead to division and strife.

The Dangers of Pride and Arrogance
The young men's advice reflects a prideful and harsh approach. Pride can blind us to the needs of others and lead to destructive decisions.

Leadership and Servanthood
True leadership involves serving others and considering their burdens. Jesus exemplified servant leadership, which contrasts with Rehoboam's approach.

Seeking God's Wisdom
In every decision, especially those affecting others, we should seek God's wisdom through prayer and His Word, ensuring our actions align with His will.
Bible Study Questions
1. What can we learn from Rehoboam's decision-making process about the importance of choosing the right advisors?

2. How does the advice of the elders compare to the teachings of Jesus on leadership and servanthood?

3. In what ways can pride influence our decisions, and how can we guard against it in our own lives?

4. How does the account of Rehoboam illustrate the consequences of ignoring wise counsel, and what are some modern examples of this?

5. Reflect on a time when you sought God's wisdom in a decision. How did it impact the outcome, and what did you learn from the experience?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Proverbs 15:22
Highlights the importance of seeking wise counsel, contrasting the outcomes of plans made with and without it.

Exodus 18:13-27
Jethro advises Moses on the importance of delegating responsibilities, emphasizing the value of wise counsel.

James 1:5
Encourages believers to seek wisdom from God, who gives generously to all without finding fault.
The Accomplishment of the Predicted JudgmentJ. Urquhart 1 Kings 12:1-20
Revolt of the Ten TribesM. R. Vincent, D. D.1 Kings 12:2-20
Revolt of the Ten TribesMonday Club Sermons1 Kings 12:2-20
The Kingdom DividedB. P. Raymond.1 Kings 12:2-20
The Kingdom DividedJ. B. G. Pidge, D. D.1 Kings 12:2-20
Tribal Causes of SchismA. Maclaren, D. D.1 Kings 12:2-20
Israel's Magna ChartaJ.A. Macdonald 1 Kings 12:6-11
People
Adoniram, Adoram, Ahijah, Benjamin, Dan, David, Israelites, Jeroboam, Jesse, Levi, Levites, Nebat, Penuel, Rehoboam, Shemaiah, Solomon
Places
Bethel, Dan, Egypt, Jerusalem, Penuel, Shechem
Topics
Advice, Advise, Counsel, Counselling, Less, Lighten, Lighter, Opinion, Return, Saying, Somewhat, Spoken, Weight, Yoke
Dictionary of Bible Themes
1 Kings 12:1-15

     5010   conscience, matters of

1 Kings 12:1-17

     7233   Israel, northern kingdom

1 Kings 12:1-19

     7236   Israel, united kingdom

1 Kings 12:1-24

     5366   king
     7245   Judah, kingdom of

1 Kings 12:8-11

     5692   friends, bad
     5887   inexperience

1 Kings 12:8-14

     5746   youth

1 Kings 12:8-15

     8410   decision-making, examples

1 Kings 12:9-11

     4696   yoke

Library
How to Split a Kingdom
And Rehoboam went to Shechem: for all Israel were come to Shechem to make him king. 2. And it came to pass, when Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who was yet in Egypt, heard of it (for he was fled from the presence of king Solomon, and Jeroboam dwelt in Egypt); 3. That they sent and called him. And Jeroboam and all the congregation of Israel came, and spake unto Rehoboam, saying, 4. Thy father made our yoke grievous: now therefore make thou the grievous service of thy father, and his heavy yoke which he
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Political Religion
'Then Jeroboam built Shechera in mount Ephraim, and dwelt therein; and went out from thence, and built Penuel. 26. And Jeroboam said in his heart, Now shall the kingdom return to the house of David: 27. If this people go up to do sacrifice in the house of the Lord at Jerusalem, then shall the heart of this people turn again unto their lord, even unto Rehoboam king of Judah, and they shall kill me, and go again to Rehoboam king of Judah. 28. Whereupon the king took counsel, and made two calves of
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

"This Thing is from Me"
"Thus saith the Lord, Ye shall not go up, nor fight against your brethren the children of Israel: return every man to his house; for this thing is from me."--1 Kings 12:24. IT IS VERY DELIGHTFUL to read a history in which God is made prominent. How sadly deficient we are of such histories of our own English nation! Yet surely there is no story that is more full of God than the record of the doings of our British race. Cowper, in one of his poems, shows the parallel between us and the house of Israel,
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 42: 1896

The Hebrews and the Philistines --Damascus
THE ISRAELITES IN THE LAND OF CANAAN: THE JUDGES--THE PHILISTINES AND THE HEBREW KINGDOM--SAUL, DAVID, SOLOMON, THE DEFECTION OF THE TEN TRIBES--THE XXIst EGYPTIAN DYNASTY--SHESHONQ OR SHISHAK DAMASCUS. The Hebrews in the desert: their families, clans, and tribes--The Amorites and the Hebrews on the left bank of the Jordan--The conquest of Canaan and the native reaction against the Hebrews--The judges, Ehud, Deborah, Jerubbaal or Gideon and the Manassite supremacy; Abimelech, Jephihdh. The Philistines,
G. Maspero—History Of Egypt, Chaldaea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, V 6

How God Works in the Hearts of Men.
1. Connection of this chapter with the preceding. Augustine's similitude of a good and bad rider. Question answered in respect to the devil. 2. Question answered in respect to God and man. Example from the history of Job. The works of God distinguished from the works of Satan and wicked men. 1. By the design or end of acting. How Satan acts in the reprobate. 2. How God acts in them. 3. Old Objection, that the agency of God in such cases is referable to prescience or permission, not actual operation.
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion

Use to be Made of the Doctrine of Providence.
Sections. 1. Summary of the doctrine of Divine Providence. 1. It embraces the future and the past. 2. It works by means, without means, and against means. 3. Mankind, and particularly the Church, the object of special care. 4. The mode of administration usually secret, but always just. This last point more fully considered. 2. The profane denial that the world is governed by the secret counsel of God, refuted by passages of Scripture. Salutary counsel. 3. This doctrine, as to the secret counsel of
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion

The Upbringing of Jewish Children
The tenderness of the bond which united Jewish parents to their children appears even in the multiplicity and pictorialness of the expressions by which the various stages of child-life are designated in the Hebrew. Besides such general words as "ben" and "bath"--"son" and "daughter"--we find no fewer than nine different terms, each depicting a fresh stage of life. The first of these simply designates the babe as the newly--"born"--the "jeled," or, in the feminine, "jaldah"--as in Exodus 2:3, 6, 8.
Alfred Edersheim—Sketches of Jewish Social Life

The Instrumentality of the Wicked Employed by God, While He Continues Free from Every Taint.
1. The carnal mind the source of the objections which are raised against the Providence of God. A primary objection, making a distinction between the permission and the will of God, refuted. Angels and men, good and bad, do nought but what has been decreed by God. This proved by examples. 2. All hidden movements directed to their end by the unseen but righteous instigation of God. Examples, with answers to objections. 3. These objections originate in a spirit of pride and blasphemy. Objection, that
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion

The Twelve Minor Prophets.
1. By the Jewish arrangement, which places together the twelve minor prophets in a single volume, the chronological order of the prophets as a whole is broken up. The three greater prophets, Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel, stand in the true order of time. Daniel began to prophesy before Ezekiel, but continued, many years after him. The Jewish arrangement of the twelve minor prophets is in a sense chronological; that is, they put the earlier prophets at the beginning, and the later at the end of the
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

Of Civil Government.
OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT. This chapter consists of two principal heads,--I. General discourse on the necessity, dignity, and use of Civil Government, in opposition to the frantic proceedings of the Anabaptists, sec. 1-3. II. A special exposition of the three leading parts of which Civil Government consists, sec. 4-32. The first part treats of the function of Magistrates, whose authority and calling is proved, sec. 4-7. Next, the three Forms of civil government are added, sec. 8. Thirdly, Consideration
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion

Travelling in Palestine --Roads, Inns, Hospitality, Custom-House Officers, Taxation, Publicans
It was the very busiest road in Palestine, on which the publican Levi Matthew sat at the receipt of "custom," when our Lord called him to the fellowship of the Gospel, and he then made that great feast to which he invited his fellow-publicans, that they also might see and hear Him in Whom he had found life and peace (Luke 5:29). For, it was the only truly international road of all those which passed through Palestine; indeed, it formed one of the great highways of the world's commerce. At the time
Alfred Edersheim—Sketches of Jewish Social Life

The Figurative Language of Scripture.
1. When the psalmist says: "The Lord God is a sun and shield" (Psa. 84:11), he means that God is to all his creatures the source of life and blessedness, and their almighty protector; but this meaning he conveys under the figure of a sun and a shield. When, again, the apostle James says that Moses is read in the synagogues every Sabbath-day (Acts 15:21), he signifies the writings of Moses under the figure of his name. In these examples the figure lies in particular words. But it may be embodied
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

Kings
The book[1] of Kings is strikingly unlike any modern historical narrative. Its comparative brevity, its curious perspective, and-with some brilliant exceptions--its relative monotony, are obvious to the most cursory perusal, and to understand these things is, in large measure, to understand the book. It covers a period of no less than four centuries. Beginning with the death of David and the accession of Solomon (1 Kings i., ii.) it traverses his reign with considerable fulness (1 Kings iii.-xi.),
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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