Acts 15:21

For Moses has been proclaimed in every city from ancient times and is read in the synagogues on every Sabbath."

Study Bible

For Moses
The mention of "Moses" here is significant as it refers to the Mosaic Law, which was central to Jewish life and worship. Moses, as a historical and religious figure, represents the law given by God to the Israelites. The Greek name "Mōusēs" is derived from the Hebrew "Mosheh," which means "drawn out," reflecting his rescue from the Nile. Moses is a pivotal figure in the Old Testament, symbolizing the covenant between God and His people. His teachings and laws were foundational to Jewish identity and practice.

has been proclaimed
The phrase "has been proclaimed" indicates the widespread and continuous teaching of the Mosaic Law. The Greek word used here, "kērussō," means to herald or announce publicly. This proclamation was not a one-time event but a regular, ongoing declaration. It underscores the importance of the Law in Jewish communities, serving as a constant reminder of their covenant with God and their distinct identity as His chosen people.

in every city
The phrase "in every city" highlights the extensive reach of Jewish influence and the dispersion of Jewish communities throughout the Roman Empire. This widespread presence ensured that the teachings of Moses were accessible to Jews and God-fearing Gentiles alike. Historically, Jewish communities established synagogues wherever they settled, making the teachings of Moses a universal aspect of Jewish life, regardless of geographic location.

from ancient times
"From ancient times" emphasizes the long-standing tradition and continuity of the Jewish faith. The Greek phrase "ek archaiōn geneōn" suggests a deep-rooted history, tracing back to the earliest days of the Jewish people. This continuity provided a sense of stability and identity, reinforcing the timeless nature of God's covenant with Israel and the enduring relevance of His laws.

and is read
The act of reading "and is read" signifies the oral tradition and communal aspect of Jewish worship. The Greek word "anaginōskō" means to read aloud, which was a common practice in synagogues. This public reading ensured that the Law was not only preserved but also actively engaged with by the community. It was a means of education, spiritual formation, and communal identity.

in the synagogues
The "synagogues" were central to Jewish religious life, serving as places of worship, teaching, and community gathering. The Greek word "synagōgē" means assembly or gathering, reflecting their role as communal centers. Synagogues were the heart of Jewish life in the diaspora, where the Law was taught, prayers were offered, and the community was strengthened in faith and practice.

on every Sabbath
The "Sabbath" was a sacred day of rest and worship, observed weekly by the Jewish people. The Greek word "sabbaton" is derived from the Hebrew "Shabbat," meaning rest. Observing the Sabbath was a sign of the covenant between God and Israel, a day set apart for spiritual renewal and reflection. The regular reading of the Law on the Sabbath reinforced its importance and allowed the community to align their lives with God's commandments.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
A central figure in the Old Testament, Moses is the lawgiver who received the Ten Commandments from God. His teachings form the foundation of Jewish law and tradition.

2. Synagogues
These are Jewish places of worship and community gathering. In the context of Acts 15, synagogues serve as places where the teachings of Moses are read and discussed regularly.

3. Every City
This phrase indicates the widespread presence of Jewish communities and synagogues throughout the Roman Empire, where the teachings of Moses were accessible.

4. Sabbath
The seventh day of the week, observed as a day of rest and worship in Jewish tradition. It is a time when the Scriptures, including the Law of Moses, are read aloud in synagogues.

5. Council of Jerusalem
The event in Acts 15 where early church leaders gathered to discuss the requirements for Gentile converts to Christianity, particularly concerning adherence to Jewish law.

Teaching Points

The Universality of God's Law
The teachings of Moses have been proclaimed widely, indicating the universal nature of God's moral law. This universality calls believers to recognize the enduring relevance of God's commandments.

The Importance of Scripture Reading
Regular reading and hearing of Scripture, as practiced in synagogues, is vital for spiritual growth and understanding. Christians are encouraged to prioritize Scripture in their personal and communal worship.

Cultural and Historical Context in Evangelism
Understanding the cultural and historical context of Scripture can enhance evangelism efforts. Recognizing the widespread knowledge of Moses' teachings can help bridge conversations with those familiar with Jewish traditions.

Unity in Diversity
The early church's decision at the Council of Jerusalem reflects the balance between respecting Jewish traditions and embracing Gentile believers. This teaches modern Christians the importance of unity amidst diversity in the body of Christ.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the widespread proclamation of Moses' teachings in synagogues influence our understanding of the early church's mission to both Jews and Gentiles?

2. In what ways can the practice of reading Scripture in community settings, like synagogues, be applied to modern Christian worship and fellowship?

3. How does understanding the historical context of Moses' teachings help us engage with people from different religious backgrounds today?

4. What lessons can we learn from the Council of Jerusalem about handling doctrinal differences within the church?

5. How can the principles of God's law, as taught by Moses, be applied to contemporary ethical and moral issues facing Christians today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Deuteronomy 31:9-13
This passage describes Moses instructing the Israelites to read the law publicly every seven years, emphasizing the importance of hearing and learning God's commandments.

Luke 4:16-21
Jesus reads from the scroll of Isaiah in the synagogue, illustrating the practice of reading Scripture in synagogues and highlighting the continuity of this tradition into the New Testament era.

Romans 2:12-16
Paul discusses the law and conscience, indicating that the law's principles are known even to those who do not have the law, which connects to the idea of Moses being proclaimed widely.