Deuteronomy 20:3
saying to them, "Hear, O Israel, today you are going into battle with your enemies. Do not be fainthearted or afraid; do not be alarmed or terrified because of them.
saying to them,

The priest appointed to accompany Israel’s army addressed the men before battle, reminding them that their conflict was carried out under the authority of the Lord.

2Ch 32:6-8 Hezekiah appointed military commanders over the people…
Num 10:8-9 The sons of Aaron, the priests, are to sound the trumpets.…
Num 31:6 And Moses sent the thousand from each tribe into battle,…

“Hear, O Israel,

All Israel was called to give careful attention as the nation prepared to enter the land God had promised.

Deu 6:4 Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is One.
Deu 5:1 Then Moses summoned all Israel and said to them:…
Mrk 12:29 Jesus replied, “This is the most important: ‘Hear, O Israel,…

today you are going into battle with your enemies.

The danger was immediate, and Israel would face peoples established in fortified cities with greater military strength.

Deu 9:1 Hear, O Israel: Today you are about to cross the Jordan…
Deu 21:10 When you go to war against your enemies and the LORD…
2Ch 20:16 Tomorrow you are to march down against them.…

Do not be fainthearted or afraid;

Their courage was not to rest on numbers, weapons, or experience, but on the Lord who had brought them out of Egypt and led them to this point.

Isa 7:4 Calm down and be quiet. Do not be afraid or disheartened…
1Sa 17:32 And David said to Saul, “Let no man’s heart fail…
Isa 35:4 Say to those with anxious hearts: “Be strong, do not fear!…

do not be alarmed or terrified because of them.

The enemies’ appearance and power were not to govern Israel’s response, for God had pledged to be with His people and to secure their victory.

Deu 31:6 Be strong and courageous; do not be afraid or terrified…
Jos 1:9 Have I not commanded you to be strong and courageous?…
Jer 1:17 Get yourself ready. Stand up and tell them everything…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Israel
The nation chosen by God, consisting of the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. In this context, Israel is preparing for battle against their enemies.

2. The Priest
The individual who addresses the army before battle, reminding them of God's presence and promises. The priest serves as a spiritual leader and encourager.

3. Enemies
The opposing forces that Israel is preparing to face in battle. These enemies represent both physical and spiritual challenges.

4. Battle
The event of conflict where Israel must rely on God's strength and promises rather than their own might.

5. God's Command
The divine instruction given through the priest, emphasizing faith and courage over fear.
Teaching Points
Courage in the Face of Adversity
Believers are called to face challenges with courage, trusting in God's presence and promises rather than succumbing to fear.

Spiritual Leadership
The role of spiritual leaders is crucial in encouraging and reminding the community of God's faithfulness and commands.

Faith Over Fear
The command not to be fainthearted or afraid highlights the importance of faith in God's sovereignty and protection.

God's Presence in Battle
Just as Israel was assured of God's presence in battle, believers today can trust that God is with them in their personal and spiritual battles.

Preparation for Spiritual Warfare
This passage serves as a reminder to prepare spiritually for the battles we face, relying on God's strength and guidance.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the command in Deuteronomy 20:3 to not be afraid apply to the challenges you face in your life today?

2. In what ways can spiritual leaders in your community encourage and strengthen the faith of others, similar to the priest's role in this passage?

3. How can you cultivate a mindset of faith over fear in your daily walk with God?

4. What are some practical steps you can take to prepare for spiritual battles, drawing from the principles in Deuteronomy 20:3?

5. How do the additional scriptures connected to Deuteronomy 20:3 reinforce the message of courage and faith in God's presence?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Joshua 1:9
This verse echoes the command to be strong and courageous, reinforcing the idea that God is with His people wherever they go.

Psalm 27:1
This psalm speaks of the Lord as a light and salvation, encouraging believers not to fear.

2 Timothy 1:7
This New Testament verse reminds believers that God has not given a spirit of fear, but of power, love, and self-discipline.

Romans 8:31
This passage reassures believers that if God is for us, who can be against us, aligning with the encouragement given in Deuteronomy 20:3.
Christian Life a WarfareJ. Wolfendale.Deuteronomy 20:1-4
Fear ForbiddenW. Jay.Deuteronomy 20:1-4
Righteous WarJ. Wolfendale.Deuteronomy 20:1-4
WarJ. Orr Deuteronomy 20:1-5
Military Service to be VoluntaryD. Davies Deuteronomy 20:1-9
Religious WarsR.M. Edgar Deuteronomy 20:1-20
People
Amorites, Canaanites, Hittites, Hivite, Hivites, Jebusites, Moses, Perizzites
Places
Beth-baal-peor, Egypt
Topics
Affrighted, Afraid, Alarmed, Approach, Approaching, Battle, Draw, Drawing, Dread, Ear, Enemies, Faint, Fainthearted, Fear, Fight, Forward, Haste, Heart, Hearts, Nigh, O, Overcome, Panic, Presence, Scared, Strong, Tender, Terrified, To-day, Tremble, Uncontrolled
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Deuteronomy 20:1-4

     5597   victory, act of God
     8728   enemies, of Israel and Judah

Deuteronomy 20:1-7

     5660   bridegroom

Deuteronomy 20:1-20

     5214   attack

Library
'Fit, Though Few'
'Then Jerubbaal, who is Gideon, and all the people that were with him, rose up early, and pitched beside the well of Harod: so that the host of the Midianites were on the north side of them, by the hill of Moreh, in the valley. 2. And the Lord said unto Gideon, The people that are with thee are too many for Me to give the Midianites into their hands, lest Israel vaunt themselves against Me, saying, Mine own hand hath saved me. 3. Now therefore go to, proclaim in the ears of the people, saying, Whosoever
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Sharon. Caphar Lodim. The Village of those of Lydda.
Between Lydda and the sea, a spacious valley runs out, here and there widely spreading itself, and sprinkled with villages. The holy page of the New Testament [Acts 9:35] calls it Saron: and that of the Old calls the whole, perhaps, or some part of it, 'the plain of Ono,' Nehemiah 6:2, 11:35; 1 Chronicles 8:12... The wine of Sharon is of great fame, with which they mixed two parts water: and remarkable is that they say concerning the houses of Sharon. R. Lazar saith, "He that builds a brick house
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Appeal to the Christian Women of the South
BY A.E. GRIMKE. "Then Mordecai commanded to answer Esther, Think not within thyself that thou shalt escape in the king's house more than all the Jews. For if thou altogether holdest thy peace at this time, then shall there enlargement and deliverance arise to the Jews from another place: but thou and thy father's house shall be destroyed: and who knoweth whether thou art come to the kingdom for such a time as this. And Esther bade them return Mordecai this answer:--and so will I go in unto the king,
Angelina Emily Grimke—An Appeal to the Christian Women of the South

Deuteronomy
Owing to the comparatively loose nature of the connection between consecutive passages in the legislative section, it is difficult to present an adequate summary of the book of Deuteronomy. In the first section, i.-iv. 40, Moses, after reviewing the recent history of the people, and showing how it reveals Jehovah's love for Israel, earnestly urges upon them the duty of keeping His laws, reminding them of His spirituality and absoluteness. Then follows the appointment, iv. 41-43--here irrelevant (cf.
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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