Exodus 16:13
That evening quail came and covered the camp, and in the morning there was a layer of dew around the camp.
So that evening
The phrase "so that evening" marks a specific time when God's provision began to manifest. In the Hebrew context, the day begins at sunset, which is significant in understanding the rhythm of divine provision. The evening signifies a transition from the day's labor to a time of rest and reflection, symbolizing God's faithfulness in providing for His people at the close of their daily journey.

quail came
The Hebrew word for "quail" is "שְׂלָו" (selav), which refers to a migratory bird. Historically, quail were known to migrate across the Sinai Peninsula, and their arrival in the camp is a testament to God's sovereignty over nature. This miraculous provision of meat highlights God's ability to meet the physical needs of His people in unexpected ways, reinforcing His role as Jehovah Jireh, the Lord who provides.

and covered the camp
The imagery of quail covering the camp suggests abundance and sufficiency. The Hebrew root "כָּסָה" (kasah) means to cover or conceal, indicating that the provision was not just adequate but overwhelming. This act of covering symbolizes God's protective and nurturing nature, enveloping His people with His care and ensuring that their needs are met in full measure.

and in the morning
The phrase "and in the morning" introduces a new phase of God's provision. Morning, in biblical terms, often represents new beginnings and renewed mercies. Lamentations 3:23 speaks of God's mercies being new every morning, and here, the morning brings a fresh manifestation of God's grace in the form of manna, underscoring His continual faithfulness.

there was a layer of dew
The "layer of dew" is significant in its subtlety and purity. Dew, or "טַל" (tal) in Hebrew, is a gentle and silent provision, contrasting with the more dramatic arrival of the quail. Dew in the Bible often symbolizes divine blessing and favor (Genesis 27:28). It represents the quiet, sustaining presence of God, providing nourishment and refreshment to His people.

around the camp
The phrase "around the camp" indicates the comprehensive nature of God's provision. The Hebrew word "סָבִיב" (saviv) means surrounding or encircling, suggesting that God's blessings are all-encompassing. This encirclement is a reminder of God's protective presence, as He surrounds His people with His love and provision, ensuring that no one is left without what they need.

Persons / Places / Events
1. The Israelites
The people of God who were delivered from slavery in Egypt and are now journeying through the wilderness.

2. Moses and Aaron
Leaders appointed by God to guide the Israelites during their exodus from Egypt.

3. The Wilderness of Sin
The geographical location where the Israelites camped and experienced God's provision of quail and manna.

4. Quail
Birds provided by God as a source of meat for the Israelites in the evening.

5. Dew
The morning moisture that preceded the appearance of manna, symbolizing God's provision.
Teaching Points
God's Provision
God provides for our needs in unexpected ways, just as He provided quail and manna for the Israelites.

Trust in God's Timing
The Israelites received quail in the evening and manna in the morning, teaching us to trust in God's perfect timing for provision.

Contentment and Gratitude
The Israelites' experience reminds us to be content and grateful for God's daily provisions, avoiding the temptation to grumble or complain.

Dependence on God
Just as the Israelites depended on God for daily sustenance, we are called to rely on Him for our spiritual and physical needs.

Obedience to God's Instructions
The provision of quail and manna came with specific instructions, teaching us the importance of obedience to God's commands.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the provision of quail and manna in Exodus 16:13 demonstrate God's faithfulness to the Israelites?

2. In what ways can we see parallels between the Israelites' dependence on daily manna and our need for daily spiritual nourishment?

3. How can we apply the lesson of trusting in God's timing from this passage to our current life situations?

4. What are some practical ways we can cultivate contentment and gratitude for God's provisions in our lives?

5. How does the account of God's provision in Exodus 16:13 connect with Jesus' teaching in John 6 about being the "bread of life"?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Numbers 11
This chapter provides another account of God providing quail to the Israelites, highlighting their complaints and God's response.

John 6
Jesus refers to Himself as the "bread of life," drawing a parallel to the manna provided in the wilderness.

Psalm 78
This psalm recounts the history of Israel, including God's provision of quail and manna, emphasizing His faithfulness despite their rebellion.
The Provision of the MannaD. Young Exodus 16:1-15
Manna for the SoulH.T. Robjohns Exodus 16:1-36
The Manna of the BodyH.T. Robjohns Exodus 16:1-36
The Gift of MannaJ. Orr Exodus 16:4-16
Angel's FoodJ. C. Gray.Exodus 16:13-15
Bread from GodR. Newton.Exodus 16:13-15
Christ the True MannaSpurgeon, Charles HaddonExodus 16:13-15
Constancy of ProvidenceJ. R. Green's Short HistoryExodus 16:13-15
Dew and MannaJ. Bailey, Ph. D.Exodus 16:13-15
Food Providentially SuppliedExodus 16:13-15
Lessons from the MannaA. Nevin, D. D.Exodus 16:13-15
MannaBritish WeeklyExodus 16:13-15
MannaExodus 16:13-15
Manna and DewG. Wagner.Exodus 16:13-15
Physical ProvidenceHomilistExodus 16:13-15
Satisfied with God's ProvisionExodus 16:13-15
Soul Food NecessaryExodus 16:13-15
Spiritual ProvidenceHomilistExodus 16:13-15
Sufficiency of ProvidenceGleanings in Harvest Fields.Exodus 16:13-15
Supply of ProvidenceExodus 16:13-15
Symbolic Meaning of the MannaD. Moore, M. A.Exodus 16:13-15
The Bread of the WildernessJ. B. Brown, B. A.Exodus 16:13-15
The Food from HeavenJ. I. Mombert, D. D.Exodus 16:13-15
The MannaF. R. Young.Exodus 16:13-15
The MannaDe W. S. Clarke.Exodus 16:13-15
The MannaD. C. Hughes, M. A.Exodus 16:13-15
The Rain of BreadC. S. Robinson, D. D.Exodus 16:13-15
Threefold Aspects of ProvidenceW. A. Griffiths.Exodus 16:13-15
Divine Provision for Daily NeedJ. Urquhart Exodus 16:13-31
People
Aaron, Ephah, Israelites, Moses
Places
Canaan, Elim, Sin Desert, Sinai
Topics
Birds, Camp, Covered, Covereth, Dew, Evening, Host, Lay, Layer, Lying, Morning, Pass, Quail, Quails, Round, Tents
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Exodus 16:13

     4612   birds
     5244   camp

Exodus 16:1-14

     4478   meat

Exodus 16:1-30

     8131   guidance, results

Exodus 16:11-14

     1355   providence

Exodus 16:11-15

     1416   miracles, nature of

Exodus 16:12-15

     4954   morning
     5341   hunger

Exodus 16:13-14

     4814   dew
     7968   spiritual gifts, nature of

Exodus 16:13-18

     1330   God, the provider

Library
The Bread of God
'Then said the Lord unto Moses, Behold, I will rain bread from heaven for you; and the people shall go out and gather a certain rate every day, that I may prove them, whether they will walk in My law, or no. 5. And it shall come to pass, that on the sixth day they shall prepare that which they bring in; and it shall be twice as much as they gather daily. 6. And Moses and Aaron said unto all the children of Israel, At even, then ye shall know that the Lord hath brought you out from the land of Egypt:
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

September the Twenty-Eighth the Daily Manna
"I will rain bread from heaven for you." --EXODUS xvi. 11-18. And this gracious provision is made for people who are complaining, and who are sighing for the flesh-pots of Egypt! Our Lord can be patient with the impatient: He can be "kind to the unthankful." If it were easy to drive the Lord away I should have succeeded long ago. I have murmured, I have sulked, I have turned Him out of my thoughts, and "He stands at the door and knocks!" I yearn for "the flesh-pots," "He sends me manna," "Was
John Henry Jowett—My Daily Meditation for the Circling Year

Dining with a Pharisee. Sabbath Healing and Three Lessons Suggested by the Event.
(Probably Peræa.) ^C Luke XIV. 1-24. ^c 1 And it came to pass, when he went into the house of one of the rulers of the Pharisees on a sabbath to eat bread, that they were watching him. [The Pharisees were an unorganized party, hence their rulers were such not by office, but by influence. Those who were members of the Sanhedrin, or who were distinguished among the rabbis, might fitly be spoken of as rulers among them. The context favors the idea that Jesus was invited for the purpose of being
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

The Beauty and Glory of the Risen Body.
We have seen in the foregoing chapters that, in the Beatific Vision, the human soul sees, loves, and enjoys God, and that her essential happiness consists in that unfailing, blessed vision. But, although the blessedness she now enjoys is far greater than words can express, it is not yet integral or complete, and never will be, except when she is again clothed in her own body, beautified, and glorified after the likeness of her Saviour's body. However, although her happiness is not yet complete, you
F. J. Boudreaux—The Happiness of Heaven

Questions About the Nature and Perpetuity of the Seventh-Day Sabbath.
AND PROOF, THAT THE FIRST DAY OF THE WEEK IS THE TRUE CHRISTIAN SABBATH. BY JOHN BUNYAN. 'The Son of man is lord also of the Sabbath day.' London: Printed for Nath, Ponder, at the Peacock in the Poultry, 1685. EDITOR'S ADVERTISEMENT. All our inquiries into divine commands are required to be made personally, solemnly, prayerful. To 'prove all things,' and 'hold fast' and obey 'that which is good,' is a precept, equally binding upon the clown, as it is upon the philosopher. Satisfied from our observations
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Tithing
There are few subjects on which the Lord's own people are more astray than on the subject of giving. They profess to take the Bible as their own rule of faith and practice, and yet in the matter of Christian finance, the vast majority have utterly ignored its plain teachings and have tried every substitute the carnal mind could devise; therefore it is no wonder that the majority of Christian enterprises in the world today are handicapped and crippled through the lack of funds. Is our giving to be
Arthur W. Pink—Tithing

The Personality of Power.
A Personally Conducted Journey. Everyone enjoys the pleasure of travel; but nearly all shrink back from its tiresomeness and drudgery. The transportation companies are constantly scheming to overcome this disagreeable side for both pleasure and business travel. One of the popular ways of pleasure travel of late is by means of personally conducted tours. A party is formed, often by the railroad company, and is accompanied by a special agent to attend to all the business matters of the trip. A variation
S.D. Gordon—Quiet Talks on Power

Epistle xvii. To Felix, Bishop of Messana.
To Felix, Bishop of Messana. To our most reverend brother, the Bishop Felix, Gregory, servant of the servants of God [246] . Our Head, which is Christ, to this end has willed us to be His members, that through His large charity and faithfulness He might make us one body in Himself, to whom it befits us so to cling that, since without Him we can do nothing, through Him we may be enabled to be what we are called. From the citadel of the Head let nothing divide us, lest, if we refuse to be His members,
Saint Gregory the Great—the Epistles of Saint Gregory the Great

How Subjects and Prelates are to be Admonished.
(Admonition 5.) Differently to be admonished are subjects and prelates: the former that subjection crush them not, the latter that superior place elate them not: the former that they fail not to fulfil what is commanded them, the latter that they command not more to be fulfilled than is just: the former that they submit humbly, the latter that they preside temperately. For this, which may be understood also figuratively, is said to the former, Children, obey your parents in the Lord: but to
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

1 to Pray is as it were to be on Speaking Terms with Me...
1. To pray is as it were to be on speaking terms with Me, and so by being in communion with and abiding in Me to become like Me. There is a kind of insect which feeds upon and lives among grass and green leaves and becomes like them in colour. Also the polar bear dwelling among the white snows has the same snowy whiteness, and the tiger of Bengal bears upon its skin the marks of the reeds among which it lives. So those, who by means of prayer abide in communion with Me partake, with the saints and
Sadhu Sundar Singh—At The Master's Feet

Appendix viii. Rabbinic Traditions About Elijah, the Forerunner of the Messiah
To complete the evidence, presented in the text, as to the essential difference between the teaching of the ancient Synagogue about the Forerunner of the Messiah' and the history and mission of John the Baptist, as described in the New Testaments, we subjoin a full, though condensed, account of the earlier Rabbinic traditions about Elijah. Opinions differ as to the descent and birthplace of Elijah. According to some, he was from the land of Gilead (Bemid. R. 14), and of the tribe of Gad (Tanch. on
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

The Deity of the Holy Spirit.
In the preceding chapter we have seen clearly that the Holy Spirit is a Person. But what sort of a Person is He? Is He a finite person or an infinite person? Is He God? This question also is plainly answered in the Bible. There are in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments five distinct and decisive lines of proof of the Deity of the Holy Spirit. I. Each of the four distinctively Divine attributes is ascribed to the Holy Spirit. What are the distinctively Divine attributes? Eternity, omnipresence,
R. A. Torrey—The Person and Work of The Holy Spirit

Exodus
The book of Exodus--so named in the Greek version from the march of Israel out of Egypt--opens upon a scene of oppression very different from the prosperity and triumph in which Genesis had closed. Israel is being cruelly crushed by the new dynasty which has arisen in Egypt (i.) and the story of the book is the story of her redemption. Ultimately it is Israel's God that is her redeemer, but He operates largely by human means; and the first step is the preparation of a deliverer, Moses, whose parentage,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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