Exodus 39:20

They made two additional gold rings and attached them to the bottom of the two shoulder pieces of the ephod, on its front, near the seam just above its woven waistband.

Study Bible

They made
This phrase indicates the skilled craftsmanship and obedience of the Israelites in following God's detailed instructions for the construction of the priestly garments. The Hebrew root for "made" is עָשָׂה (asah), which means to do, make, or accomplish. This reflects the active participation and dedication of the artisans, who were filled with the Spirit of God to perform their tasks with precision and reverence.

two more gold rings
Gold, a symbol of purity and divinity, was extensively used in the Tabernacle and its furnishings. The use of gold rings here signifies the importance and sacredness of the ephod, a garment worn by the high priest. The rings served a functional purpose, ensuring the ephod was securely fastened, but they also held symbolic meaning, representing the eternal and unbreakable covenant between God and His people.

attached them to the bottom of the shoulder pieces
The shoulder pieces of the ephod were significant as they bore the names of the tribes of Israel, symbolizing the high priest's role as a representative before God. The attachment of the rings to the shoulder pieces underscores the interconnectedness of the priestly garments, each part serving a specific purpose in the overall design ordained by God.

on the front of the ephod
The ephod was a central piece of the high priest's attire, and its front-facing design highlights the importance of the priest's role in mediating between God and the people. The front of the ephod, visible to all, served as a constant reminder of the priest's duty to uphold the spiritual welfare of the nation.

close to the seam
The seam represents the meticulous attention to detail in the construction of the priestly garments. Every aspect of the ephod was crafted with precision, reflecting the holiness and perfection of God. The seam, a point of connection, symbolizes unity and the seamless relationship between God and His chosen people.

just above the woven waistband of the ephod
The woven waistband, or sash, was an integral part of the ephod, symbolizing readiness and service. Positioned just above the waistband, the rings and their placement highlight the balance between divine authority and humble service. The waistband, intricately woven, represents the strength and support provided by God to those who serve Him faithfully.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Israelites
The people of God who were given the task of constructing the Tabernacle and its furnishings according to God's instructions.

2. Bezalel and Oholiab
Skilled craftsmen appointed by God to oversee the construction of the Tabernacle and its sacred garments.

3. The Ephod
A sacred garment worn by the High Priest, part of the priestly vestments, symbolizing the priest's role as a mediator between God and the people.

4. The Tabernacle
The portable dwelling place for the presence of God among the Israelites during their journey through the wilderness.

5. The Wilderness
The setting where the Israelites wandered for 40 years, during which the Tabernacle was constructed and used.

Teaching Points

Obedience to God's Instructions
The meticulous construction of the ephod and its components underscores the importance of obeying God's commands in every detail. As believers, we are called to follow God's Word with precision and reverence.

Symbolism of the Ephod
The ephod represents the priestly role of mediation and intercession. In Christ, we have the ultimate High Priest who intercedes for us, and we are called to intercede for others in prayer.

The Role of Skilled Service
Bezalel and Oholiab's craftsmanship reminds us that God values and uses our skills and talents for His purposes. We should seek to use our abilities to serve God and His people.

The Presence of God
The Tabernacle, and by extension the ephod, symbolizes God's desire to dwell among His people. As Christians, we are temples of the Holy Spirit, called to live in a way that reflects God's presence in us.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the construction of the ephod in Exodus 39:20 reflect the importance of obedience to God's specific instructions?

2. In what ways does the role of the High Priest in the Old Testament foreshadow the ministry of Jesus Christ as described in Hebrews 8-9?

3. How can we apply the concept of being a "royal priesthood" from 1 Peter 2:9 in our daily lives?

4. What skills or talents has God given you, and how can you use them to serve His kingdom, as Bezalel and Oholiab did?

5. How does understanding the symbolism of the Tabernacle and its furnishings enhance your appreciation of God's presence in your life today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 28
Provides detailed instructions for making the priestly garments, including the ephod, highlighting the importance of following God's commands precisely.

Hebrews 8-9
Discusses the role of the High Priest and the significance of the Tabernacle as a foreshadowing of Christ's ultimate priesthood and the heavenly sanctuary.

1 Peter 2:9
Describes believers as a royal priesthood, connecting the priestly garments' symbolism to the identity and role of Christians today.