Ezekiel 31:2

"Son of man, say to Pharaoh king of Egypt and to his multitude: 'Who can be compared to your greatness?

Study Bible

Son of man
This phrase is a common title used for Ezekiel, emphasizing his humanity and role as a prophet. It is used over 90 times in the book of Ezekiel. The term "son of man" is also significant in the New Testament, where it is frequently used by Jesus to refer to Himself, highlighting His incarnation and fulfillment of prophecy.

say to Pharaoh king of Egypt
Pharaoh represents the political and spiritual leadership of Egypt, a nation often seen as an adversary to Israel. Egypt's historical significance as a powerful empire is well-documented, and its interactions with Israel are numerous throughout the Old Testament. This address to Pharaoh indicates a message of judgment and comparison, reflecting the broader theme of God's sovereignty over all nations.

and to his multitude
The multitude refers to the people of Egypt, including its army and populace. This phrase underscores the collective nature of the message, indicating that it is not just for the leader but for the entire nation. Egypt's large population and military might were well-known, and this message serves as a warning to all who rely on their own strength rather than on God.

Who can be compared to your greatness?
This rhetorical question highlights Egypt's perceived greatness and power, which was unmatched in the ancient world. However, it also sets the stage for a comparison that will reveal Egypt's vulnerability before God. This theme of comparing earthly power to divine authority is prevalent in the Bible, reminding readers of the ultimate supremacy of God over all human kingdoms.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Ezekiel
A prophet of God, called to deliver messages of judgment and hope to the Israelites during their Babylonian exile.

2. Pharaoh, King of Egypt
The ruler of Egypt, representing a powerful nation often seen as a symbol of pride and opposition to God.

3. Egypt
A significant nation in biblical history, often depicted as a place of both refuge and oppression for the Israelites.

4. The Multitude
Refers to the people of Egypt, under the leadership of Pharaoh, who are being addressed in this prophecy.

5. The Greatness
The perceived power and majesty of Egypt, which is being questioned and challenged by God through Ezekiel.

Teaching Points

The Danger of Pride
Just as Egypt's greatness is questioned, we must be wary of pride in our own lives, recognizing that all power and success come from God.

God's Sovereignty Over Nations
This passage reminds us that no nation or leader is beyond God's control and judgment.

The Illusion of Earthly Greatness
Earthly power and majesty are temporary and can be swiftly overturned by God's will.

The Role of Prophets
Ezekiel's role as a messenger highlights the importance of listening to God's warnings and guidance.

Reflecting on Our Own Greatness
We should evaluate areas in our lives where we might be relying on our own strength rather than God's.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the pride of Pharaoh and Egypt compare to areas of pride in our own lives today?

2. In what ways can we see God's sovereignty over nations in current world events?

3. How can we apply the lessons of Egypt's downfall to our personal and communal lives?

4. What role do modern-day "prophets" or spiritual leaders play in guiding us away from pride and toward humility?

5. How can we ensure that our perception of greatness aligns with God's standards rather than the world's?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Isaiah 14
This chapter also addresses the downfall of a proud nation, drawing parallels between the pride of Babylon and Egypt.

Daniel 4
The account of Nebuchadnezzar's pride and subsequent humbling by God serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty over all nations.

Jeremiah 46
Prophecies against Egypt, highlighting God's judgment on nations that exalt themselves against Him.

Psalm 37
Encourages trust in the Lord and warns against envying the prosperity of the wicked, relevant to the perceived greatness of Egypt.

Proverbs 16:18
"Pride goes before destruction," a principle evident in the judgment pronounced on Egypt.