Ezra 5:4

They also asked, "What are the names of the men who are constructing this building?"

Study Bible

They also asked
This phrase indicates a continuation of inquiry, suggesting a persistent interest or concern from the questioning party. In the historical context, this reflects the scrutiny faced by the Jewish exiles as they attempted to rebuild the temple in Jerusalem. The Hebrew root for "asked" (שָׁאַל, sha'al) implies a seeking or demanding of information, which can be seen as a reflection of the political tension and the need for accountability in the Persian Empire. This persistence can inspire modern believers to remain steadfast in their faith and mission, even when faced with external pressures.

What are the names
Names in the ancient Near Eastern context carried significant weight, often reflecting one's identity, heritage, and authority. The inquiry about the names of the builders underscores the importance of accountability and responsibility. In a spiritual sense, this can remind Christians of the importance of living lives that honor the name of Christ, as names are tied to reputation and legacy. The emphasis on names also highlights the personal nature of God's work through individuals, encouraging believers to recognize their unique roles in God's plan.

of the men
The focus on "men" here highlights the human element in the divine task of rebuilding the temple. It underscores the partnership between God and humanity in accomplishing His purposes. Historically, this reflects the patriarchal society of the time, where men were often the primary actors in public and religious life. Spiritually, it serves as a reminder that God calls and equips individuals to participate in His work, regardless of their societal status, and that each person has a role to play in the body of Christ.

who are constructing
The act of constructing signifies building, creating, and restoring. The Hebrew root for "constructing" (בָּנָה, banah) is often used in the context of building something significant, such as a house or a city. This reflects the physical and spiritual rebuilding of the Jewish community and their worship practices. For Christians, it symbolizes the ongoing work of building the Kingdom of God, both in personal spiritual growth and in the broader mission of the Church. It encourages believers to be active participants in God's redemptive work in the world.

this building
The "building" in question is the temple, a central place of worship and a symbol of God's presence among His people. In the historical context, the rebuilding of the temple was a fulfillment of God's promises and a sign of hope and restoration for the Jewish exiles. For Christians, the temple can be seen as a foreshadowing of Christ, who is the true temple, and the Church, which is the spiritual temple made up of believers. This phrase inspires believers to consider their own lives as temples of the Holy Spirit, called to reflect God's glory and presence in the world.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Jewish Exiles
These are the people who returned from Babylonian captivity to rebuild the temple in Jerusalem. They are the central figures in this account, demonstrating faith and perseverance in the face of opposition.

2. Tattenai
The governor of the region beyond the River (Trans-Euphrates) who questioned the authority of the Jews to rebuild the temple. His inquiry represents the political and social challenges faced by the Jewish exiles.

3. Shethar-Bozenai
An official who accompanied Tattenai in questioning the Jews. His involvement highlights the bureaucratic hurdles in the rebuilding process.

4. Jerusalem
The city where the temple is being rebuilt. It is the spiritual and cultural center for the Jewish people, symbolizing their identity and relationship with God.

5. The Temple
The focal point of the Jewish exiles' efforts, representing the restoration of worship and covenant relationship with God.

Teaching Points

Facing Opposition with Faith
The Jewish exiles faced questioning and opposition, yet they continued their work. Believers today can expect challenges when pursuing God's purposes but should remain steadfast in faith.

The Importance of Accountability
The inquiry about the names of the builders underscores the need for accountability in leadership and community efforts. Christians are called to act with integrity and transparency.

God's Sovereignty in Adversity
Despite the opposition, God's plan for the temple's reconstruction was not thwarted. This teaches us to trust in God's sovereignty and timing, even when circumstances seem unfavorable.

Community and Cooperation
The rebuilding effort required collaboration among the Jewish exiles. Similarly, the church today is called to work together in unity for the advancement of God's kingdom.

The Role of Government and Authority
Tattenai's inquiry reflects the interaction between God's people and secular authorities. Christians are encouraged to respect and engage with governmental structures while remaining faithful to God's commands.

Bible Study Questions

1. How do the actions of Tattenai and Shethar-Bozenai reflect the challenges Christians might face from secular authorities today?

2. In what ways can we demonstrate faith and perseverance when facing opposition in our personal or communal spiritual endeavors?

3. How does the rebuilding of the temple in Jerusalem parallel the spiritual rebuilding or renewal that God desires in our lives?

4. What role does accountability play in our spiritual communities, and how can we ensure it is maintained?

5. How can we balance respect for governmental authority with our commitment to God's commands, especially when the two seem to conflict?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Ezra 4
Provides context for the opposition faced by the Jewish exiles, showing a pattern of resistance from local authorities and adversaries.

Haggai 1
Encourages the rebuilding of the temple, emphasizing the importance of prioritizing God's house over personal interests.

Nehemiah 2
Illustrates a similar scenario where Nehemiah faces opposition while rebuilding Jerusalem's walls, highlighting the theme of perseverance in God's work.