Genesis 29:23

But when evening came, Laban took his daughter Leah and gave her to Jacob, and he slept with her.

Study Bible

But when evening came
The phrase "when evening came" sets the stage for a significant and pivotal moment in the narrative. In the Hebrew context, evening often symbolizes a time of transition and change. The Hebrew word for evening, "ereb," can also imply a sense of obscurity or uncertainty, which is fitting for the deception that is about to unfold. This time of day, when visibility is low, metaphorically represents the lack of clarity and the hidden intentions of Laban.

Laban took his daughter Leah
Laban's action of taking Leah is deliberate and calculated. The Hebrew verb "laqach," translated as "took," implies an active and intentional decision. Laban's choice to give Leah instead of Rachel, whom Jacob loved and worked for, reveals his deceptive nature. Historically, this reflects the customs and familial authority in ancient Near Eastern cultures, where the father had significant control over his daughters' marriages.

and gave her to Jacob
The act of giving Leah to Jacob is a pivotal moment of betrayal. The Hebrew word "natan," meaning "gave," indicates a transfer of responsibility and relationship. This act of giving Leah instead of Rachel is a breach of the agreement between Jacob and Laban. It highlights the theme of deception and the consequences of human manipulation, which are prevalent throughout Jacob's life story.

and he slept with her
The phrase "he slept with her" is a euphemism for consummating the marriage. In Hebrew, the verb "bo" is used, which means "to come" or "to enter," signifying the physical union that seals the marriage covenant. This consummation, under false pretenses, sets the stage for future familial strife and highlights the importance of integrity and truth in relationships. It also foreshadows the complex family dynamics that will arise from this union, as Leah becomes the mother of several of Jacob's children, including Judah, from whom the lineage of David and ultimately Jesus Christ descends.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jacob
The son of Isaac and Rebekah, Jacob is a central figure in this account. He has worked for seven years to marry Rachel, Laban's younger daughter, but is deceived into marrying Leah instead.

2. Laban
The father of Leah and Rachel, Laban is a shrewd and manipulative character who deceives Jacob by substituting Leah for Rachel on the wedding night.

3. Leah
The elder daughter of Laban, Leah becomes Jacob's first wife through Laban's deception. Her role in this event sets the stage for future family dynamics and tensions.

4. Rachel
The younger daughter of Laban, whom Jacob loves and originally intends to marry. Her absence in this verse highlights the deception.

5. Haran
The place where these events occur, Haran is the home of Laban and the setting for Jacob's service and marriage.

Teaching Points

The Consequences of Deception
Deception often leads to complicated and painful consequences, as seen in Jacob's life. Christians are called to live truthfully, reflecting God's character.

God's Sovereignty in Human Affairs
Despite human deceit, God's plans prevail. Jacob's lineage, through Leah, includes Judah, from whom Jesus descends, showing God's redemptive work through flawed human actions.

The Importance of Integrity
Laban's lack of integrity serves as a warning. Believers are encouraged to uphold integrity in all dealings, trusting that God honors truthfulness.

Endurance and Patience
Jacob's experience teaches the value of patience and endurance in the face of injustice, trusting that God will ultimately bring about justice and fulfillment of His promises.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the deception Jacob experiences in Genesis 29:23 relate to his own past actions, and what can we learn about the principle of sowing and reaping?

2. In what ways does God's sovereignty manifest in the events of Genesis 29, and how can this encourage us in situations where we feel wronged or deceived?

3. How does the account of Leah and Jacob challenge us to consider the impact of our actions on others, and what steps can we take to ensure we act with integrity?

4. Reflect on a time when you faced a situation that required patience and endurance. How can Jacob's account inspire you to trust in God's timing and justice?

5. How can the themes of deception and integrity in Genesis 29:23 be applied to modern-day relationships, both personal and professional?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 27
The deception of Isaac by Jacob and Rebekah parallels Laban's deception of Jacob, highlighting themes of deceit and its consequences within the family.

Genesis 31
Jacob's eventual departure from Laban's household shows the long-term impact of Laban's deceit and Jacob's growth in character and faith.

Proverbs 12:22
This verse speaks to the Lord's disdain for lying lips, which can be connected to Laban's deceitful actions.