Judges 20:10
We will take ten men out of every hundred from all the tribes of Israel, and a hundred out of every thousand, and a thousand out of every ten thousand, to supply provisions for the army when they go to Gibeah in Benjamin to punish them for the atrocity they have committed in Israel."
We will take ten men out of every hundred from all the tribes of Israel,

Israel organized its response as a united national undertaking. Men were drawn proportionally from every tribe so that no tribe could avoid responsibility for confronting the evil committed at Gibeah.

Num 31:4 Send into battle a thousand men from each tribe of Israel.”
Deu 1:15 So I took the leaders of your tribes, wise and respected…
Exo 18:21 Furthermore, select capable men from among the people…

and a hundred out of every thousand,

The same ratio was maintained throughout the assembly, producing an orderly system in which the larger fighting force was supported by representatives of the whole nation. Israel recognized that justice required more than outrage; it required disciplined, shared action.

2Sa 18:1 Then David reviewed his troops and appointed…
2Ch 25:5 Then Amaziah gathered the people of Judah…
1Ch 27:1 This is the list of the Israelites—the heads of families…

and a thousand out of every ten thousand,

The scale of the mobilization reveals that the outrage at Gibeah had become a crisis for all Israel. What occurred in Benjamin threatened the covenant life of the nation, much as the sin of Achan brought trouble upon Israel in Joshua’s day.

Lev 26:8 Five of you will pursue a hundred, and a hundred of you……
Deu 32:30 How could one man pursue a thousand, or two…
Isa 30:17 A thousand will flee at the threat of one;…

to supply provisions for the army

One tenth of the gathered men would provide food and necessary supplies for those sent into battle. Their service was not secondary to the fighting; the campaign depended upon the entire people bearing the practical cost of removing evil from their midst.

1Sa 17:17-18 One day Jesse said to his son David, “Take this…
1Sa 25:18 Then Abigail hurried and took two hundred loaves of bread…
2Sa 17:27-29 When David came to Mahanaim, he was met by Shobi…

when they go to Gibeah in Benjamin

Gibeah stood within Benjamin’s tribal territory, yet Benjamin would soon choose to defend the guilty men rather than deliver them for judgment. The conflict therefore became a tragic civil war, exposing how deeply Israel had drifted from obedience to the Lord.

Jdg 19:12-15 But his master replied, “We will not turn aside…
1Sa 13:2-4 He chose for himself three thousand men of Israel:…
Hos 10:9 Since the days of Gibeah you have sinned, O Israel,…

to punish them for the atrocity they have committed in Israel.”

The crime was an outrage against God’s moral order and a disgrace to the covenant people. Israel’s resolve reflected the command to purge evil from among the people, though the events that followed also show the need for justice to be pursued in humility, dependence on God, and faithfulness to His direction.

Jdg 19:22-30 Bring out the man who came to your house…
Jos 7:15 The one who is caught with the things devoted to destruction…
Deu 22:21 she shall be brought to the door of her father’s house,…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Israelites
The collective tribes of Israel, who are gathering to address the grievous sin committed in Gibeah.

2. Gibeah
A city in the territory of Benjamin where a heinous crime was committed, leading to the conflict.

3. Benjamites
The tribe of Benjamin, who are defending the perpetrators of the crime in Gibeah.

4. Levite
A man whose concubine was abused and murdered in Gibeah, sparking the outrage among the Israelites.

5. Assembly at Mizpah
The gathering of the Israelite tribes to decide on a course of action against Gibeah.
Teaching Points
The Importance of Justice
The Israelites' decision to address the sin in Gibeah underscores the necessity of upholding justice within the community of believers.

Communal Responsibility
The passage highlights the collective responsibility of God's people to confront and rectify sin, ensuring the community remains holy.

The Consequences of Sin
The events in Judges 20 remind us that sin has far-reaching consequences, affecting not just individuals but entire communities.

Seeking God's Guidance
Before taking action, believers should seek God's wisdom and guidance to ensure their actions align with His will.

Unity in Righteousness
The unity of the Israelite tribes in addressing the sin in Gibeah serves as a model for believers to unite in pursuing righteousness and justice.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the response of the Israelites to the sin in Gibeah reflect the biblical principle of communal responsibility for sin?

2. In what ways can we apply the concept of seeking justice within our own communities today?

3. How does the account of Gibeah and the Benjamites illustrate the potential consequences of failing to address sin within a community?

4. What lessons can we learn from the Israelites' approach to seeking justice that can be applied to conflicts within the church?

5. How can we balance the call to seek justice with the biblical instruction to leave vengeance to God, as seen in Romans 12:19?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Deuteronomy 13
This passage discusses the response to idolatry and wickedness within Israel, emphasizing the need for communal purity and justice, similar to the Israelites' response to the sin in Gibeah.

Joshua 7
The account of Achan's sin and its consequences for Israel highlights the importance of addressing sin within the community to maintain God's favor.

Romans 12:19
This verse speaks to leaving vengeance to God, contrasting with the Israelites' decision to take justice into their own hands.
From Justice to Wild RevengeR. A. Watson, M. A.Judges 20:1-48
People
Aaron, Benjamin, Benjaminites, Benjamites, Dan, Eleazar, Israelites, Nohah, Phinehas, Samuel, Tamar
Places
Baal-tamar, Beersheba, Bethel, Dan, Gibeah, Gidom, Gilead, Maareh-geba, Mizpah, Nohah, Rimmon
Topics
Act, 100, Army, 1000, Arrives, Benjamin, Bring, Committed, Crime, Deserve, Disgraceful, Fetch, Folly, Gibeah, Gib'e-ah, Hundred, Myriad, Provision, Provisions, Punish, Punishment, Receive, Requite, Shame, Supply, Ten, Thousand, Throughout, Tribes, Victual, Victuals, Vileness, Wanton, Wantonness, Worked, Wrought
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Judges 20:10

     1656   numbers, combinations

Judges 20:4-11

     6240   rape

Judges 20:8-10

     4912   chance

Judges 20:9-10

     7392   lots, casting of

Library
To his Most Serene and Mighty Imperial Majesty, and to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation.
Dr. MARTINUS LUTHER. The grace and might of God be with you, Most Serene Majesty! most gracious, well beloved gentlemen! It is not out of mere arrogance and perversity that I, a single poor man, have taken upon me to address your lordships. The distress and misery that oppress all the Christian estates, more especially in Germany, have led not only myself, but every one else, to cry aloud and to ask for help, and have now forced me too, to cry out and to ask, if God would give His Spirit to any one,
Martin Luther—First Principles of the Reformation

Upon Our Lord's SermonOn the Mount
Discourse 7 "Moreover when ye fast, be not, as the hypocrites, of a sad countenance. For they disfigure their faces, that they may appear unto men to fast. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward. But thou, when thou fastest, anoint thine head, and wash thy face; That thou appear not unto men to fast, but unto thy Father which is in secret: And thy Father, which seeth in secret, shall reward thee openly." Matthew 6:16-18. 1. It has been the endeavour of Satan, from the beginning of the world,
John Wesley—Sermons on Several Occasions

Judges
For the understanding of the early history and religion of Israel, the book of Judges, which covers the period from the death of Joshua to the beginning of the struggle with the Philistines, is of inestimable importance; and it is very fortunate that the elements contributed by the later editors are so easily separated from the ancient stories whose moral they seek to point. That moral is most elaborately stated in ii. 6-iii. 6, which is a sort of programme or preface to iii. 7-xvi. 31, which constitutes
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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