Mark 4:31
It is like a mustard seed, which is the smallest of all seeds sown upon the earth.
It is like
This phrase introduces a simile, a common teaching method used by Jesus to convey spiritual truths through everyday experiences. The Greek word for "like" is "ὡς" (hōs), which indicates a comparison. Jesus often used parables to make the Kingdom of God relatable to His audience. By using familiar imagery, He invited listeners to explore deeper spiritual meanings.

a mustard seed
The mustard seed is known for its small size, yet it grows into a large plant. The Greek word for "mustard" is "σίναπι" (sinapi). In the context of first-century Palestine, the mustard seed was proverbially small, symbolizing something seemingly insignificant that holds great potential. This reflects the nature of God's Kingdom, which starts small in the hearts of believers but grows to have a significant impact.

which is the smallest of all seeds
This phrase emphasizes the mustard seed's minute size. While botanically not the smallest seed, in the cultural context of Jesus' time, it was used proverbially to represent smallness. The Greek word "μικρότερον" (mikroteron) means "smallest." This highlights the paradox of the Kingdom of God: it begins in humble, often overlooked ways, yet it possesses the power to transform lives and societies.

sown upon the earth
The act of sowing seeds is a metaphor for the spreading of the Gospel. The Greek word "σπειρόμενον" (speiromenon) means "sown." This imagery suggests intentionality and purpose. Just as a farmer sows seeds with the expectation of growth, so the message of the Kingdom is spread with the expectation of spiritual fruitfulness. The earth represents the world, the field in which God's Word is planted, and where it takes root in receptive hearts.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Jesus Christ
The speaker of the parable, Jesus uses the mustard seed to illustrate a spiritual truth about the Kingdom of God.

2. Disciples
The primary audience of Jesus' teaching, who are learning about the nature of God's Kingdom.

3. Mustard Seed
A small seed used metaphorically by Jesus to describe the Kingdom of God.

4. Kingdom of God
The central theme of Jesus' teaching, represented by the growth of the mustard seed.

5. Earth
The setting for the sowing of the seed, symbolizing the world where the Kingdom of God takes root and grows.
Teaching Points
Small Beginnings, Great Impact
The Kingdom of God often starts in seemingly insignificant ways but grows to have a profound impact. This encourages believers to value and invest in small acts of faith and obedience.

Faith in God's Growth
Just as the mustard seed grows beyond expectation, believers are called to trust in God's power to grow His Kingdom through their efforts, no matter how small they seem.

Patience in Spiritual Growth
The growth of the mustard seed is a process. Believers should be patient and persistent in their spiritual journey, trusting that God is at work even when progress seems slow.

The Power of the Gospel
The mustard seed represents the Gospel's transformative power, starting small in the hearts of individuals but capable of changing lives and communities.

Encouragement in Ministry
For those involved in ministry, this parable is a reminder that God can use their efforts, no matter how small, to bring about significant change and growth in His Kingdom.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the metaphor of the mustard seed challenge our perception of what is significant in God's Kingdom?

2. In what ways can we apply the principle of small beginnings in our personal spiritual growth and community involvement?

3. How does the growth of the mustard seed encourage us to trust in God's timing and methods?

4. What are some "mustard seed" actions we can take in our daily lives to contribute to the growth of God's Kingdom?

5. How can we encourage others who may feel their contributions to God's work are too small to matter?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Matthew 13:31-32
This parallel passage also describes the mustard seed parable, emphasizing the growth of the Kingdom from small beginnings.

Luke 13:18-19
Another parallel account that highlights the expansive growth of the Kingdom of God.

1 Corinthians 3:6-7
Paul speaks about planting and watering, but God gives the growth, connecting to the idea of divine increase from small beginnings.

Daniel 2:34-35
The vision of the stone growing into a great mountain can be seen as a foreshadowing of the Kingdom's growth.

Zechariah 4:10
Encourages not to despise small beginnings, aligning with the mustard seed's small start but significant growth.
The Kingdom of God Further Illustrated by ParablesR. Green Mark 4:26-34
Whereunto Shall We Liken It?A.F. Muir Mark 4:30, 31
All Great Movements have Had Trivial CommencementsBp. Temple.Mark 4:30-32
An Encouraging ParableH. M. Luckock, D. D.Mark 4:30-32
Building and GrowingMarcus Dods.Mark 4:30-32
Christ's Religion a Refuge for AllJ. Wells.Mark 4:30-32
Fiery EnergyD'Herbelot.Mark 4:30-32
Great Issues from Small BeginningsA. Rowland Mark 4:30-32
Little Seeds Soul SavingH. Melvill.Mark 4:30-32
Small BeginningsS. Baring Gould, M. A.Mark 4:30-32
Spiritual GrowthAnon.Mark 4:30-32
The Church as an OrganizationM. F. Sadler.Mark 4:30-32
The Church Giving Rest and ShelterM. F. Sadler.Mark 4:30-32
The Gospel Originally Small and Ultimately GreatH. Melvill.Mark 4:30-32
The Grain of Mustard SeedA.F. Muir Mark 4:30-32
The Growth of the KingdomExpository Discourses., James Hamilton, D. D.Mark 4:30-32
The Growth of the Little SeedJames Hamilton, D. D.Mark 4:30-32
The Maxims of Human Philosophy not So Productive as Divine TruthH. Melvill.Mark 4:30-32
The Mustard PlantH. B. Hackett, D. D.Mark 4:30-32
The Mustard Seed and LeavenArchdeacon Farrar.Mark 4:30-32
The Parable of the Mustard SeedDr. Calderwood.Mark 4:30-32
The Parable of the Mustard SeedR. Green Mark 4:30-32
The Seedling of IonaJames Hamilton, D. D.Mark 4:30-32
The Small Germ ExpandedJames Hamilton, D. D.Mark 4:30-32
The Visible Growth of the GospelJ. Wells.Mark 4:30-32
The Mustard SeedJ.J. Given Mark 4:30-34
The Power of IdeasE. Johnson Mark 4:30-34
People
Jesus
Places
Galilee, Sea of Galilee
Topics
Grain, Ground, It's, Less, Mustard, Mustard-seed, Plant, Seed, Seeds, Smaller, Smallest, Soil, Sown, Though, Whenever
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Mark 4:1-34

     2345   Christ, kingdom of

Mark 4:26-32

     4506   seed
     8443   growth

Mark 4:26-34

     2357   Christ, parables
     5438   parables

Mark 4:30-32

     2376   kingdom of God, coming

Mark 4:31-32

     4468   horticulture
     9155   millennium

Library
October 1 Evening
Grow up into him in all things, which is the head, even Christ.--EPH. 4:15. First the blade, then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear.--Till we all come to the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the Son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ. They measuring themselves by themselves, and comparing themselves among themselves, are not wise. But he that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord. For not he that commendeth himself is approved,
Anonymous—Daily Light on the Daily Path

December 21 Evening
Master, carest thou not that we perish?--MARK 4:38. The Lord is good to all: and his tender mercies are over all his works. Every moving thing that liveth shall be meat for you; even as the green herb have I given you all things.--While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night, shall not cease. The Lord is good, a strong hold in the day of trouble; and he knoweth them that trust in him.--God heard the voice of the lad: and the angel of
Anonymous—Daily Light on the Daily Path

Lamps and Bushels
'And Jesus said unto them, Is a candle brought to be put under a bushel, or under a bed? and not to be set on a candlestick?'--Mark iv. 21. The furniture of a very humble Eastern home is brought before us in this saying. In the original, each of the nouns has the definite article attached to it, and so suggests that in the house there was but one of each article; one lamp, a flat saucer with a wick swimming in oil; one measure for corn and the like; one bed, raised slightly, but sufficiently to admit
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Four Soils for one Seed
'And when He was alone, they that were about Him with the twelve asked of Him the parable. 11. And He said unto them, Unto you it is given to know the mystery of the kingdom of God: but unto them that are without, all these things are done in parables: 12. That seeing they may see, and not perceive; and hearing they may hear, and not understand; lest at any time they should be converted, and their sins should be forgiven them. 13. And He said unto them, Know ye not this parable? and how then will
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Storm Stilled
'And the same day, when the even was come, He saith unto them, Let us pass over unto the other side. 36. And when they had sent away the multitude, they took Him even as He was in the ship. And there were also with Him other little ships. 37. And there arose a great storm of wind, and the waves beat into the ship, so that it was now full. 38. And He was in the hinder part of the ship, asleep on a pillow: and they awake Him, and say unto Him, Master, carest Thou not that we perish? 39. And He arose,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Toiling Christ
'They took Him even as He was in the ship.... And He was in the hinder part of the ship, asleep on a pillow.'--Mark iv. 36, 38. Among the many loftier characteristics belonging to Christ's life and work, there is a very homely one which is often lost sight of; and that is, the amount of hard physical exertion, prolonged even to fatigue and exhaustion, which He endured. Christ is our pattern in a great many other things more impressive and more striking; and He is our pattern in this, that 'in the
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The First Great Group of Parables.
(Beside the Sea of Galilee.) Subdivision C. Parable of the Seed Growing Itself. ^B Mark IV. 26-29. ^b 26 And he said, So is the kingdom of God, as if a man should cast seed upon the earth; 27 and should sleep and rise night and day, and the seed should spring up and grow, he knoweth not how. [In the kingdom of grace, as well as in the kingdom of nature, we are laborers together with God. As preachers, teachers, or friends we sow the seed of the kingdom and God brings it to perfection (I. Cor. iii.
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

The Seed Growing Secretly.
"And he said, So is the kingdom of God, as if a man should cast seed into the ground; and should sleep, and rise night and day, and the seed should spring and grow up, he knoweth not how. For the earth bringeth forth fruit of herself; first the blade, then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear. But when the fruit is brought forth, immediately he putteth in the sickle, because the harvest is come."--MARK iv. 26-29. This is the only parable that is peculiar to Mark. The subjects contained in
William Arnot—The Parables of Our Lord

Ancient Versions of the Old Testament.
In the present chapter only those versions of the Old Testament are noticed which were made independently of the New. Versions of the whole Bible, made in the interest of Christianity, are considered in the following part. I. THE GREEK VERSION CALLED THE SEPTUAGINT. 1. This is worthy of special notice as the oldest existing version of the holy Scriptures, or any part of them, in any language; and also as the version which exerted a very large influence on the language and style of the New Testament;
E. P. Barrows—Companion to the Bible

Harvest.
Harvest. See! the corn again in ear! How the fields and valleys smile! Harvest now is drawing near To repay the farmer's toil: Gracious LORD, secure the crop, Satisfy the poor with food; In thy mercy is our hope, We have sinned but thou art good. While I view the plenteous grain As it ripens on the stalk; May I not instruction gain, Helpful, to my daily walk? All this plenty of the field Was produced from foreign seeds; For the earth itself would yield Only crops of useless weeds. Though, when
John Newton—Olney Hymns

Of Avoiding Heresies and Superstitions, and what is the Only True Catholic Church.
But since many heresies have existed, and the people of God have been rent into divisions at the instigation of demons, the truth must be briefly marked out by us, and placed in its own peculiar dwelling-place, that if any one shall desire to draw the water of life, he may not be borne to broken cisterns [898] which hold no water, but may know the abundant fountain of God, watered by which he may enjoy perpetual light. Before all things, it is befitting that we should know both that He Himself and
Lactantius—The divine institutes

On Earthly Things
The earth is man himself; in the gospel: another has fallen into the good earth. The same in a bad part about the sinner: you devour the earth all the days of your life. [Mark 4:18; Genesis 3:14] The dry lands are the flesh of a fruitless man; in Ecclesiastes, to work in a dry land with evil and sorrow. [Ecclesiastes 37:3] The dust is a sinner or the vanity of the flesh; in the psalm: like the dust, which the wind blows about. [Ps. 1:4 Vulgate] The mud is the gluttony of sinners; in the psalm: tear
St. Eucherius of Lyons—The Formulae of St. Eucherius of Lyons

On the Animals
The birds are the saints, because they fly to the higher heart; in the gospel: and he made great branches that the birds of the air might live in their shade. [Mark 4:32] Flying is the death of the saints in God or the knowledge of the Scriptures; in the psalm: I shall fly and I shall be at rest. [Ps. 54(55):7 Vulgate] The wings are the two testaments; in Ezekiel: your body will fly with two wings of its own. [Ez. 1:23] The feathers are the Scriptures; in the psalm: the wings of the silver dove.
St. Eucherius of Lyons—The Formulae of St. Eucherius of Lyons

Four Miracles
"And there was a great calm." MARK 4:39 (R.V.) "Behold, him that was possessed with devils, sitting, clothed and in his right mind, even him that had the legion." v. 15 (R.V.) "Who touched Me?" v. 31 (R.V.) "Talitha cumi." v. 41 (R.V.) THERE are two ways, equally useful, of studying Scripture, as there are of regarding the other book of God, the face of Nature. We may bend over a wild flower, or gaze across a landscape; and it will happen that a naturalist, pursuing a moth, loses sight of a mountain
G. A. Chadwick—The Gospel of St. Mark

The Parables
"And again He began to teach by the sea side. And there is gathered unto Him a very great multitude, so that He entered into a boat, and sat in the sea; and all the multitude were by the sea on the land. And He taught them many things in parables, and said unto them in His teaching. . . . "And when He was alone, they that were about Him with the twelve asked of Him the parables. And He said unto them, Unto you is given the mystery of the kingdom of God: but unto them that are without, all things
G. A. Chadwick—The Gospel of St. Mark

Chapter: 4:21-25 Lamp and Stand
"And He said unto them, Is the lamp brought to be put under the bushel, or under the bed? and not to be put on the stand? For there is nothing hid, save that it should be manifested; neither was anything made secret, but that it should come to light. If any man hath ears to hear, let him hear. And He said unto them, Take heed what ye hear: with what measure ye mete it shall be measured unto you: and more shall be given unto you. For he that hath, to him shall be given: and he that hath not, from
G. A. Chadwick—The Gospel of St. Mark

The Seed Growing Secretly
"And He said, So is the kingdom of God, as if a man should cast seed upon the earth; and should sleep and rise night and day, and the seed should spring up and grow, he knoweth not how. The earth beareth fruit of herself; first the blade, then the ear, then the full corn in the ear. But when the fruit is ripe, straightway he putteth forth the sickle, because the harvest is come." MARK 4:26-29 (R.V.) ST. Mark alone records this parable of a sower who sleeps by night, and rises for other business by
G. A. Chadwick—The Gospel of St. Mark

The Sower
"Hearken: Behold the sower went forth to sow: and it came to pass, as he sowed, some seed fell by the way side, and the birds came and devoured it. And other fell on the rocky ground, where it had not much earth; and straightway it sprang up, because it had no deepness of earth: and when the sun was risen, it was scorched; and because it had no root, it withered away. And other fell among the thorns, and the thorns grew up, and choked it, and it yielded no fruit. And others fell into the good ground,
G. A. Chadwick—The Gospel of St. Mark

The Mustard Seed
"And He said, How shall we liken the kingdom of God? or in what parable shall we set it forth? It is like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown upon the earth, though it be less than all the seeds that are upon the earth, yet when it is sown, groweth up, and becometh greater than all the herbs, and putteth out great branches; so that the birds of the heaven can lodge under the shadow thereof. And with many such parables spake He the word unto them, as they were able to hear it: and without
G. A. Chadwick—The Gospel of St. Mark

The Two Storms (Jesus Walking on the Water)
"And on that day, when even was come, He saith unto them, Let us go over unto the other side. And leaving the multitude, they take Him with them, even as He was, in the boat. And other boats were with Him. And there ariseth a great storm of wind, and the waves beat into the boat, insomuch that the boat was now filling. And He Himself was in the stern, asleep on the cushion: and they awake Him, and say unto Him, Master, carest Thou not that we perish? And He awoke, and rebuked the wind, and said unto
G. A. Chadwick—The Gospel of St. Mark

Sovereignty of God in Administration
"The LORD hath prepared His Throne In the heavens; and His Kingdom ruleth over all" (Psa. 103:19). First, a word concerning the need for God to govern the material world. Suppose the opposite for a moment. For the sake of argument, let us say that God created the world, designed and fixed certain laws (which men term "the laws of Nature"), and that He then withdrew, leaving the world to its fortune and the out-working of these laws. In such a case, we should have a world over which there was no intelligent,
Arthur W. Pink—The Sovereignty of God

The First Great Group of Parables.
(Beside the Sea of Galilee.) Subdivision A. Introduction. ^A Matt. XIII. 1-3; ^B Mark IV. 1, 2; ^C Luke VIII. 4. ^a 1 On that day went Jesus out of the house [It is possible that Matthew here refers to the house mentioned at Mark iii. 19. If so, the events in Sections XLVIII.-LVI. all occurred on the same day. There are several indications in the gospel narratives that this is so], and sat by the sea side. ^b 1 And again he began again to teach by the sea side. [By the Sea of Galilee.] And there
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Jesus Stills the Storm.
(Sea of Galilee; Same Day as Last Section) ^A Matt. VIII. 18-27; ^B Mark IV. 35-41; ^C Luke VIII. 22-25. ^b 35 And that day, { ^c one of those days,} ^b when the even was come [about sunset], ^a when Jesus saw great multitudes about him, he gave commandment to depart unto the other side. { ^b he saith unto them, Let us go over unto the other side.} [Wearied with a day of strenuous toil, Jesus sought rest from the multitude by passing to the thinly settled on the east side of Galilee.] ^a 19 And there
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

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