Numbers 3:31

Their duties were the ark, the table, the lampstand, the altars, the articles of the sanctuary used with them, and the curtain--all the service for these items.

Study Bible

They were responsible
This phrase refers to the Kohathites, one of the Levitical clans. The Hebrew root word for "responsible" is "שָׁמַר" (shamar), which means to guard, keep, or watch over. This indicates a sacred duty, emphasizing the seriousness and honor of their role. The Kohathites were entrusted with the care of the most sacred objects, highlighting the importance of stewardship and faithfulness in service to God.

the ark
The Ark of the Covenant was the most sacred object in the Israelite worship, symbolizing God's presence among His people. The Hebrew word for "ark" is "אֲרוֹן" (aron), which means chest or box. It contained the tablets of the Law, Aaron's rod, and a pot of manna. The Ark's significance is profound, representing God's covenant, His law, and His provision. The Kohathites' responsibility for the Ark underscores the reverence and holiness required in handling God's presence.

the table
This refers to the Table of Showbread, where the bread of the Presence was placed. The Hebrew word "שֻׁלְחָן" (shulchan) means table. It symbolizes God's provision and fellowship with His people. The bread, renewed weekly, signifies the sustenance and life that God provides. The Kohathites' duty to care for the table reflects the importance of maintaining a continual relationship with God.

the lampstand
The lampstand, or menorah, was a source of light in the Tabernacle. The Hebrew word "מְנוֹרָה" (menorah) signifies a lamp or light. It represents the light of God’s presence and guidance. The Kohathites' role in maintaining the lampstand highlights the necessity of keeping God's light burning in the hearts of His people, a call to spiritual vigilance and illumination.

the altars
The altars, including the Altar of Burnt Offering and the Altar of Incense, were central to Israelite worship. The Hebrew word "מִזְבֵּחַ" (mizbeach) means altar. These structures were places of sacrifice and prayer, symbolizing atonement and communion with God. The Kohathites' responsibility for the altars underscores the centrality of worship and the need for mediation between God and humanity.

the articles of the sanctuary used in ministering
This phrase encompasses all the sacred utensils and tools used in the service of the Tabernacle. The Hebrew word "כְּלִי" (kli) means vessel or instrument. These items were essential for the rituals and ceremonies, representing the practical aspects of worship. The Kohathites' duty to care for these articles highlights the importance of preparation and order in worship, ensuring that all is done according to God's instructions.

the curtain
The curtain, or veil, separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place. The Hebrew word "פָּרֹכֶת" (parochet) means veil or screen. It symbolizes the separation between God and humanity due to sin, a barrier that was ultimately torn at Christ's crucifixion. The Kohathites' role in handling the curtain points to the sacredness of approaching God and the reverence required in His presence.

and all the service for these items
This phrase indicates the comprehensive nature of the Kohathites' duties. The Hebrew word "עֲבֹדָה" (avodah) means service or work. It encompasses all aspects of their responsibilities, from transportation to maintenance. This highlights the holistic nature of worship, where every task, no matter how small, is an act of service to God. The Kohathites' faithful service is a model of dedication and devotion, reminding believers of the call to serve God with excellence in every aspect of life.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Kohathites
A division of the Levites responsible for the care of the most sacred objects in the Tabernacle, including the Ark of the Covenant.

2. The Tabernacle
The portable earthly dwelling place of God among the Israelites, containing sacred items used in worship and sacrifice.

3. The Ark of the Covenant
A sacred chest that held the tablets of the Ten Commandments, representing God's covenant with Israel.

4. The Table of Showbread
A table in the Tabernacle where the bread of the Presence was placed, symbolizing God's provision.

5. The Lampstand (Menorah)
A seven-branched lampstand in the Tabernacle, symbolizing the light of God and His presence among His people.

Teaching Points

Sacred Responsibility
The Kohathites were entrusted with the care of the most sacred items, reminding us of the importance of handling the things of God with reverence and responsibility.

Symbolism of the Tabernacle
Each item in the Tabernacle had symbolic meaning, pointing to God's presence, provision, and light. As believers, we are called to be stewards of God's presence in our lives.

Service and Worship
The Kohathites' duties were acts of service and worship. Our daily tasks, when done for God's glory, can also be acts of worship.

God's Order and Structure
The specific roles assigned to the Levites reflect God's order and structure in worship. This teaches us the value of organization and purpose in our spiritual lives.

Christ as Fulfillment
The items in the Tabernacle foreshadow Christ, who is the ultimate fulfillment of God's covenant, provision, and light. Our faith should be centered on Him.

Bible Study Questions

1. What can we learn from the Kohathites' responsibilities about the importance of reverence in our own worship practices?

2. How do the items in the Tabernacle, such as the Ark and the Lampstand, point to the person and work of Jesus Christ?

3. In what ways can we ensure that our daily tasks and responsibilities are acts of worship to God?

4. How does understanding the structure and order of the Tabernacle enhance our appreciation for God's design in our lives and communities?

5. Reflect on a time when you experienced God's provision or presence in a tangible way. How does this relate to the symbolism of the Table of Showbread or the Lampstand?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 25-27
These chapters provide detailed instructions for the construction of the Tabernacle and its furnishings, highlighting the sacredness and significance of the items the Kohathites were charged with.

Hebrews 9
This chapter discusses the earthly sanctuary and its furnishings, drawing parallels to the heavenly sanctuary and the ultimate sacrifice of Christ.

1 Chronicles 6:48-49
These verses describe the duties of the Levites, including the Kohathites, in the service of the sanctuary, emphasizing their role in maintaining the sacred space.