1. The Sovereignty of God

In Exodus 9, we see God's absolute control over creation and history. The plagues He sends upon Egypt demonstrate His power and authority. As it is written, "For by now I could have stretched out My hand and struck you and your people with a plague that would have wiped you off the earth" (Exodus 9:15). This reminds us that God is sovereign over all, and His plans will always prevail.

2. The Hardness of Heart

Pharaoh's repeated refusal to let the Israelites go highlights the danger of a hardened heart. Despite witnessing God's mighty works, Pharaoh's heart remained stubborn. "But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said to Moses" (Exodus 9:12). This serves as a cautionary tale to remain open to God's voice and guidance.

3. The Importance of Obedience

Moses and Aaron's obedience to God's commands is a key theme in Exodus 9. Their faithfulness in delivering God's message to Pharaoh, despite the challenges, underscores the importance of obedience. "So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and said to him, 'This is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: "How long will you refuse to humble yourself before Me? Let My people go, so that they may worship Me"'" (Exodus 9:13). Obedience to God is crucial in fulfilling His purposes.

4. The Power of Prayer

Moses' intercession for Pharaoh and Egypt during the plagues shows the power of prayer. When Pharaoh pleaded for relief, Moses prayed, and God responded. "Then Moses left Pharaoh and prayed to the LORD, and the LORD did what Moses asked" (Exodus 9:33). This encourages us to pray earnestly, knowing that God hears and answers.

5. The Consequences of Sin

The plagues serve as a vivid reminder of the consequences of sin and disobedience. Pharaoh's refusal to heed God's command resulted in suffering for the Egyptians. "The hail struck down everything in the field—both man and beast—and it beat down every plant of the field and shattered every tree" (Exodus 9:25). Sin has real consequences, and turning away from it is essential.

6. God's Mercy Amidst Judgment

Even in judgment, God shows mercy. He warns Pharaoh and the Egyptians, giving them a chance to repent and avoid further plagues. "Give an order now to bring your livestock and everything you have in the field to a place of shelter, because the hail will fall on every man and beast that has not been brought in and is still in the field, and they will die" (Exodus 9:19). God's mercy is always available to those who turn to Him.

7. The Distinction of God's People

God makes a clear distinction between the Egyptians and the Israelites during the plagues. "But on the day I will set apart the land of Goshen, where My people live, so that no swarms of flies will be there, so that you will know that I, the LORD, am in this land" (Exodus 9:22). This distinction highlights God's protection and favor upon His people, reassuring us of His care.

8. The Testimony of God's Power

The plagues serve as a testimony to God's power and might, not only to the Egyptians but to the entire world. "For by now I could have stretched out My hand and struck you and your people with a plague that would have wiped you off the earth" (Exodus 9:15). God's works are a testament to His greatness and are meant to draw people to Him.

9. The Call to Humility

Pharaoh's pride and refusal to humble himself before God led to his downfall. "How long will you refuse to humble yourself before Me?" (Exodus 9:17). Humility is essential in our relationship with God, acknowledging His authority and submitting to His will.

10. The Assurance of God's Promises

Throughout Exodus 9, God's promises to deliver His people are evident. Despite the challenges, God remains faithful to His word. "But the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let the Israelites go" (Exodus 9:35). This assures us that God's promises are sure, and we can trust Him to fulfill them in His perfect timing.