Chief Aliah is a figure mentioned in the genealogical records of the Old Testament, specifically within the context of the Edomite chiefs. The Edomites were descendants of Esau, the brother of Jacob, and are frequently mentioned in the Bible as neighbors and sometimes adversaries of the Israelites.

Biblical Reference:

Chief Aliah is referenced in the Book of Genesis, which provides a detailed account of the descendants of Esau. In Genesis 36:40-43, the Berean Standard Bible lists the chiefs of Edom, stating: "These are the names of the chiefs of Esau, according to their families and regions, by their names: Chief Timna, Chief Alvah, Chief Jetheth, Chief Oholibamah, Chief Elah, Chief Pinon, Chief Kenaz, Chief Teman, Chief Mibzar, Chief Magdiel, and Chief Iram. These were the chiefs of Edom, according to their settlements in the land they possessed. This is Esau, the father of the Edomites."

In this passage, Chief Aliah is referred to as "Chief Alvah" in the BSB translation. The name Aliah is considered a variant of Alvah, reflecting differences in transliteration and translation across various Bible versions.

Historical and Cultural Context:

The Edomites, as descendants of Esau, held a significant place in the biblical narrative. Esau, also known as Edom, was the elder twin brother of Jacob, later named Israel. The relationship between the Edomites and the Israelites was complex, marked by both kinship and conflict. The Edomites settled in the region south of the Dead Sea, an area known for its rugged terrain and strategic trade routes.

The mention of chiefs, such as Aliah, indicates a structured tribal society within Edom. These chiefs were likely leaders of clans or tribes, each governing a specific territory or group of people. The genealogical records in Genesis serve to establish the historical and familial connections between the Edomites and the Israelites, underscoring the fulfillment of God's promises to Abraham regarding the multitude of nations descending from his lineage.

Theological Significance:

From a theological perspective, the inclusion of Edomite chiefs in the biblical record highlights the broader narrative of God's sovereignty and the unfolding of His divine plan through various nations. The Edomites, despite their frequent opposition to Israel, are part of the larger tapestry of God's creation and history. The genealogies in Genesis emphasize the fulfillment of God's promises and the intricate relationships between different peoples in the biblical world.

The mention of Chief Aliah, along with other Edomite leaders, serves as a reminder of the diverse and interconnected nature of the ancient Near Eastern world. It also reflects the biblical theme of God's providence and the unfolding of His purposes through both chosen and non-chosen peoples.