Topical Encyclopedia In the New Testament, the term "elder" (Greek: πρεσβύτερος, presbyteros) is used to denote a position of leadership and authority within the early Christian church. The role of an elder is rooted in the Jewish tradition, where elders were respected leaders and decision-makers within the community. In the Christian context, elders are responsible for the spiritual oversight and governance of the church.Biblical References and Roles 1. Acts 14:23 · The appointment of elders is a practice established by the apostles. Paul and Barnabas, during their missionary journeys, "appointed elders for them in each church, and with prayer and fasting, they committed them to the Lord in whom they had believed" . This indicates that the role of elder was integral to the structure and function of the early church. 2. 1 Timothy 3:1-7 · The qualifications for an elder, also referred to as an overseer or bishop, are outlined by the Apostle Paul. An elder must be "above reproach, the husband of but one wife, temperate, self-controlled, respectable, hospitable, able to teach" . These qualifications emphasize moral integrity, teaching ability, and leadership skills. 3. Titus 1:5-9 · Paul instructs Titus to appoint elders in every town, providing a similar list of qualifications. Elders must be "blameless—not overbearing, not quick-tempered, not given to drunkenness, not violent, not pursuing dishonest gain" . This passage underscores the importance of character and doctrinal soundness. 4. 1 Peter 5:1-4 · Peter exhorts the elders to "be shepherds of God’s flock that is among you, watching over them—not out of compulsion, but because it is God’s will; not out of greed, but out of eagerness" . Elders are to serve willingly and exemplify Christ-like leadership, acting as shepherds to the congregation. 5. James 5:14 · Elders are also involved in pastoral care, particularly in prayer and healing. "Is any one of you sick? He should call the elders of the church to pray over him and anoint him with oil in the name of the Lord" . This highlights the elder's role in ministering to the physical and spiritual needs of the church members. Functions and Responsibilities Elders in the New Testament church were tasked with a variety of responsibilities, including teaching, preaching, pastoral care, and church governance. They were seen as spiritual leaders who provided guidance, discipline, and support to the congregation. The plurality of elders in each church suggests a model of shared leadership, ensuring accountability and collective wisdom in decision-making. Theological Significance The role of elder is significant in maintaining the doctrinal purity and spiritual health of the church. Elders are charged with guarding the faith, teaching sound doctrine, and refuting false teachings. Their leadership is vital in nurturing the spiritual growth of believers and fostering a community that reflects the values and teachings of Jesus Christ. In summary, the New Testament presents elders as essential leaders within the church, entrusted with the care, teaching, and governance of the Christian community. Their role is characterized by a commitment to godly living, sound doctrine, and servant leadership. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia Elder in the New TestamentELDER IN THE NEW TESTAMENT (presbuteros): Library Faustus Denies that the Prophets Predicted Christ. Augustin Proves ... On the Same Words of the Gospel, John I. , "In the Beginning was ... The New Name. Footnotes How that is to be the Reward of All; the Apostle Earnestly Defends ... Ill-Temper Autobiography of Frank G. Allen, Minister of the Gospel The Prodigal Son. The Resemblance Between the Old Testament and the New. On the Words of the Gospel, Luke xviii. 1,"They Ought Always to ... Resources How can an elder come under the same condemnation as the devil (1 Timothy 3:6)? | GotQuestions.orgWhat is a church trustee? | GotQuestions.org Who was Pliny the Elder? | GotQuestions.org Elder: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com Bible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus |
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