Eziongeber, also spelled Eziongaber, is a significant location mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, primarily in the context of Israel's wilderness wanderings and the reign of King Solomon. The name Eziongeber is thought to mean "backbone of a giant" or "giant's backbone," possibly referring to a prominent geological feature in the area.

Biblical References:

1. Wilderness Wanderings:
Eziongeber is first mentioned in the context of the Israelites' journey through the wilderness. In Numbers 33:35-36 , it is recorded as one of the stations where the Israelites camped during their 40-year journey from Egypt to the Promised Land: "They set out from Abronah and camped at Eziongeber. They set out from Eziongeber and camped at Kadesh, in the Wilderness of Zin."

2. Solomon's Reign:
Eziongeber gains further prominence during the reign of King Solomon. It is noted as a strategic port city on the northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba, part of the Red Sea. In 1 Kings 9:26 , it is written: "King Solomon also built ships at Eziongeber, which is near Eloth on the shore of the Red Sea, in the land of Edom." This port was crucial for Solomon's trade expeditions, particularly those aimed at acquiring gold from Ophir, as described in 1 Kings 9:28.

3. Jehoshaphat's Fleet:
The site is also mentioned in the context of King Jehoshaphat of Judah, who attempted to revive maritime trade. In 1 Kings 22:48 , it is noted: "Jehoshaphat built ships of Tarshish to go to Ophir for gold, but they never set sail, because the ships were wrecked at Eziongeber." This incident highlights the challenges faced in maintaining a fleet at this location.

Historical and Geographical Context:

Eziongeber is traditionally identified with the modern site of Tell el-Kheleifeh, located near the present-day city of Aqaba in Jordan. Archaeological excavations have revealed evidence of ancient industrial activity, including copper smelting, which aligns with the biblical description of the site as a hub of trade and industry.

The strategic location of Eziongeber made it an essential point for trade routes connecting the Arabian Peninsula, Africa, and the Levant. Its proximity to the Red Sea allowed for maritime expeditions, which were crucial for the economic prosperity of Israel during Solomon's reign.

Theological Significance:

Eziongeber serves as a testament to the historical and economic achievements of Israel under Solomon's rule. It reflects the fulfillment of God's promises to Israel regarding prosperity and influence. The site also underscores the challenges faced by the Israelites during their wilderness journey, as well as the ongoing struggle to maintain faithfulness to God's commands amidst external pressures and opportunities for wealth.

In summary, Eziongeber is a multifaceted location within the biblical narrative, representing both the trials of the wilderness and the heights of Israel's economic expansion. Its mention in Scripture provides insight into the historical and theological dimensions of Israel's journey and development as a nation.Eziongaber or Eziongeber

(giant's backbone), (Numbers 33:35; 2:8; 1 Kings 9:26; 22:48; 2 Chronicles 8:17) the last station named for the encampment of the Israelites before they came to the wilderness of Zin. It probably stood at Ain el-Ghudyan , about ten miles up what is now the dry bed of the Arabah, but which was probably then the northern end of the gulf.

Bible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus