Cedron (Kidron Valley)

The Cedron, more commonly referred to as the Kidron Valley, is a significant geographical and historical feature in biblical narratives. It is a valley located on the eastern side of Jerusalem, separating the Temple Mount from the Mount of Olives. The Kidron Valley is mentioned numerous times throughout the Scriptures, serving as a backdrop for various events in the history of Israel.

Biblical Significance

The Kidron Valley holds considerable importance in the biblical narrative. It is first mentioned in connection with King David's flight from Absalom, his son, as recorded in 2 Samuel 15:23: "Everyone in the countryside was weeping loudly as all the people passed by. The king also crossed the Kidron Valley, and all the people moved on toward the wilderness" . This passage highlights the valley as a place of sorrow and transition during a time of personal and national crisis.

The valley is also noted for its association with religious reforms. King Asa, in his zeal to purify worship in Judah, burned the obscene image of Asherah in the Kidron Valley (1 Kings 15:13). Similarly, King Josiah defiled the high places and removed the idols, casting their remains into the Kidron Valley (2 Kings 23:4, 6, 12). These actions underscore the valley's role as a site for the eradication of idolatry and the restoration of true worship.

Hezekiah's Alteration of the Channel

One of the most remarkable engineering feats associated with the Kidron Valley is the alteration of its water channel by King Hezekiah. In anticipation of an Assyrian siege, Hezekiah took measures to secure Jerusalem's water supply. The Bible records in 2 Chronicles 32:3-4: "he consulted with his officials and military staff about blocking off the water from the springs outside the city, and they helped him. A large force of men assembled, and they blocked all the springs and the stream that flowed through the land. 'Why should the kings of Assyria come and find plenty of water?' they said" .

Hezekiah's efforts included the construction of a tunnel, known today as Hezekiah's Tunnel or the Siloam Tunnel, which redirected the waters of the Gihon Spring from the Kidron Valley into the city of Jerusalem. This strategic move ensured that the inhabitants of Jerusalem had access to water during the siege, while denying the same to the Assyrian forces. The tunnel, an impressive feat of ancient engineering, remains a testament to Hezekiah's wisdom and foresight.

Spiritual and Prophetic Dimensions

The Kidron Valley also holds spiritual and prophetic significance. It is mentioned in the context of the final judgment in Joel 3:2, where the "Valley of Jehoshaphat" is often identified with the Kidron Valley: "I will gather all the nations and bring them down to the Valley of Jehoshaphat. There I will enter into judgment against them concerning My people, My inheritance Israel, whom they scattered among the nations as they divided up My land" . This association imbues the valley with eschatological importance, symbolizing divine justice and the ultimate vindication of God's people.

Conclusion

The Kidron Valley, or Cedron, is a multifaceted location within the biblical narrative, serving as a site of historical events, religious reforms, and prophetic significance. Its alteration by Hezekiah stands as a testament to the king's strategic acumen and commitment to the welfare of Jerusalem. The valley's enduring presence in Scripture continues to inspire reflection on themes of judgment, redemption, and the sovereignty of God.2 Chronicles 32:4
So there was gathered much people together, who stopped all the fountains, and the brook that ran through the middle of the land, saying, Why should the kings of Assyria come, and find much water?
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