Topical Bible: Ephod: A Sacred Vestment Worn by the High Priest: Described

◄ Ephod: A Sacred Vestment Worn by the High Priest: Described ►

Topical Encyclopedia

The ephod is a significant garment in the religious and ceremonial life of ancient Israel, particularly associated with the high priest. It is described in detail in the Old Testament, serving both a functional and symbolic role in the worship practices of the Israelites.

Description and Construction

The ephod is first mentioned in the Book of Exodus, where God provides Moses with detailed instructions for its creation as part of the priestly garments. According to Exodus 28:6-8 , "They are to make the ephod of finely spun linen, with gold, with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and with skillful work. It shall have two shoulder pieces attached to its two edges, so that it may be joined together. And the skillfully woven waistband of the ephod must be of one piece, of the same workmanship, with gold, with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and with finely spun linen."

The ephod was crafted with great care and artistry, incorporating precious materials such as gold and fine linen, along with vibrant colors. This reflects its sacred purpose and the high status of the high priest who wore it.

Function and Symbolism

The ephod served as a key component of the high priest's attire, signifying his unique role as an intermediary between God and the people of Israel. It was worn over a robe and tunic, and it held the breastpiece, which contained the Urim and Thummim—tools used for divination and seeking God's will (Exodus 28:30).

The ephod's design, with its shoulder pieces and waistband, symbolized the burden and responsibility carried by the high priest. The shoulder pieces were adorned with onyx stones, each engraved with the names of the twelve tribes of Israel (Exodus 28:9-12). This represented the high priest bearing the people of Israel before the Lord, emphasizing his role as their representative.

Historical and Religious Context

The ephod is not only a garment but also a symbol of divine authority and guidance. It is mentioned in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, highlighting its importance in Israelite worship and governance. For instance, in 1 Samuel 23:9-12 , David uses the ephod to inquire of the Lord, demonstrating its role in seeking divine counsel.

In addition to its use by the high priest, the ephod occasionally appears in other contexts, such as in the account of Gideon, who made an ephod that became an object of idolatry (Judges 8:27). This incident underscores the potential for sacred objects to be misused, a recurring theme in the biblical narrative.

Conclusion

The ephod, as a sacred vestment, holds a place of great significance in the religious life of ancient Israel. Its detailed construction, symbolic elements, and role in worship highlight the deep connection between the high priest and the divine, serving as a constant reminder of the covenant relationship between God and His people.

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Exodus 28:6-14,31-35
And they shall make the ephod of gold, of blue, and of purple, of scarlet, and fine twined linen, with cunning work.
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