Topical Encyclopedia Etam is a city mentioned in the Old Testament, located within the tribal territory of Judah. Its significance is noted in several biblical passages, highlighting its geographical and historical importance in ancient Israel.Biblical References: 1. 2 Chronicles 11:6 · Etam is mentioned in the context of King Rehoboam's fortification efforts. After the division of the united monarchy, Rehoboam, the son of Solomon, sought to strengthen the defenses of Judah. The verse states, "He built up Bethlehem, Etam, Tekoa," indicating that Etam was one of the cities fortified to protect the southern kingdom from potential threats. 2. 1 Chronicles 4:3 · The genealogical records of the tribe of Judah mention Etam in the lineage of Judah's descendants. The passage reads, "These were the sons of Etam: Jezreel, Ishma, and Idbash. Their sister was named Hazzelelponi." This reference suggests that Etam was not only a city but also possibly a family or clan within the tribe of Judah. 3. Judges 15:8, 11 · The narrative of Samson, a judge of Israel, includes a reference to the "rock of Etam." After Samson's conflict with the Philistines, he sought refuge in a cave in the rock of Etam. The text states, "He went down and stayed in a cave at the rock of Etam." This location served as a strategic hideout for Samson, emphasizing its rugged terrain and natural fortifications. Historical and Geographical Context: Etam's exact location is not definitively known today, but it is traditionally associated with a site near Bethlehem, within the hill country of Judah. The city's mention alongside other fortified locations suggests it held strategic military value. Its proximity to Bethlehem and Tekoa places it within a region known for its rugged landscape, which provided natural defenses and resources. The reference to the "rock of Etam" in the Samson narrative further underscores the area's topographical features, which included caves and rocky outcrops. These natural formations would have been advantageous for both defense and refuge, as demonstrated in the biblical account. Cultural and Theological Significance: Etam's inclusion in the biblical narrative highlights the broader theme of God's providence and protection over His people. The fortification efforts by Rehoboam reflect a reliance on both divine guidance and practical measures to secure the kingdom. Similarly, Samson's retreat to the rock of Etam illustrates God's provision of safety and strength in times of adversity. In the genealogical records, Etam's mention signifies the continuity of the tribe of Judah and the fulfillment of God's promises to His people. The city serves as a testament to the enduring legacy of Judah's descendants and their role in the unfolding account of Israel. Overall, Etam stands as a symbol of strength, refuge, and divine faithfulness within the biblical narrative, offering insights into the historical and spiritual landscape of ancient Judah. Nave's Topical Index 2 Chronicles 11:6He built even Bethlehem, and Etam, and Tekoa, Nave's Topical Index Library The Story of Samson, the Strong Man Samson who did to Others as they did to Him Concerning the Fortitude of Samson, and what Mischiefs He Brought ... Scriptural Poems; Being Several Portions of Scripture Digested ... Tiglath-Pileser iii. And the Organisation of the Assyrian Empire ... Resources Bible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus |
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