Hormah is a significant location mentioned in the Old Testament, particularly within the context of the Israelites' journey to the Promised Land and the subsequent allotment of territories among the tribes of Israel. The name "Hormah" is derived from the Hebrew word "ḥērem," meaning "devotion" or "destruction," reflecting its history as a place of divine judgment and victory.

Biblical References and Historical Context

Hormah first appears in the biblical narrative during the Israelites' wilderness wanderings. In Numbers 14:45 , after the Israelites' disobedience and lack of faith at Kadesh-barnea, they attempted to enter the Promised Land against God's command and were defeated by the Amalekites and Canaanites, who pursued them "as far as Hormah."

Later, in Numbers 21:1-3 , the Israelites, under divine guidance, achieved victory over the Canaanite king of Arad. In response to their vow to the LORD, they "completely destroyed" the cities, and the place was named Hormah. This victory marked a turning point, symbolizing God's faithfulness and the Israelites' renewed commitment to His commands.

Territorial Allotment

Hormah is mentioned in the context of the territorial allotments to the tribes of Israel. In Joshua 15:30 , Hormah is listed among the cities within the territory allotted to the tribe of Judah. This inclusion underscores its strategic and historical importance, as well as its integration into the inheritance of God's chosen people.

Additionally, Hormah is noted in the allotment to the tribe of Simeon, which was situated within Judah's territory, as recorded in Joshua 19:4 . This dual mention highlights the interconnectedness of the tribes and the shared heritage of the land.

Significance in Israel's History

Hormah's history is emblematic of the broader themes of judgment, redemption, and divine promise that permeate the biblical narrative. Its initial association with defeat and later with victory serves as a reminder of the consequences of disobedience and the blessings of faithfulness to God's covenant.

The transformation of Hormah from a place of defeat to one of triumph illustrates the power of repentance and reliance on God's strength. It stands as a testament to the enduring nature of God's promises and the fulfillment of His plans for His people.

Archaeological and Geographical Considerations

While the exact location of ancient Hormah remains uncertain, it is generally associated with the Negev region, south of Judah. Archaeological efforts have sought to identify its precise site, contributing to our understanding of the historical and cultural context of the biblical narrative.

Hormah's geographical setting in the arid Negev underscores the challenges faced by the Israelites in their conquest and settlement of the land. It also highlights the miraculous nature of their victories, achieved not by human might but by divine intervention.

In summary, Hormah's role in the biblical account is multifaceted, encompassing themes of judgment, redemption, and divine faithfulness. Its inclusion in the territorial allotments to Judah and Simeon reflects its enduring significance in the history and heritage of Israel.Joshua 15:30
And Eltolad, and Chesil, and Hormah,
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1 Samuel 30:30
And to them which were in Hormah, and to them which were in Chorashan, and to them which were in Athach,
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The Hebrews and the Philistines --Damascus
... of the defeat of the Israelites at Hormah; and cf ... and not so securely entrenched
within their fortresses ... each tribe his allotted portion of territory.* Such, in ...
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