Lead: Trade In
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Lead, a heavy and malleable metal, is mentioned in the Bible primarily in the context of trade and craftsmanship. In ancient times, lead was valued for its utility in various applications, including construction, writing, and as a component in alloys. The biblical references to lead provide insight into its significance in the ancient Near Eastern economy and its symbolic use in Scripture.

Biblical References

1. Ezekiel 27:12 · "Tarshish was your trading partner because of your abundant wealth of every kind; they exchanged silver, iron, tin, and lead for your merchandise." This verse highlights the city of Tyre's extensive trade network, where lead was one of the commodities exchanged. Tarshish, often identified with regions in the western Mediterranean, was known for its mineral wealth, including lead. The mention of lead alongside silver, iron, and tin underscores its importance in trade and industry.

2. Exodus 15:10 · "But You blew with Your breath, and the sea covered them. They sank like lead in the mighty waters." In the Song of Moses, lead is used metaphorically to describe the fate of the Egyptian army as they were overwhelmed by the Red Sea. The imagery of sinking like lead emphasizes the weight and finality of their defeat, illustrating the power of God in delivering the Israelites.

3. Jeremiah 6:29 · "The bellows blow fiercely to consume the lead with fire; the refining is in vain, for the wicked are not purged; they are called rejected silver, for the LORD has rejected them." Here, lead is mentioned in the context of refining metals. The process of refining involves removing impurities, and the failure to purify the wicked is likened to the unsuccessful refining of lead. This passage uses lead to symbolize the futility of attempting to purify those who are morally corrupt.

Historical and Cultural Context

In the ancient world, lead was commonly used in various applications due to its low melting point and ease of manipulation. It was employed in the construction of water pipes, roofing, and as a writing material in the form of lead tablets. The trade of lead, as indicated in Ezekiel, was a significant aspect of the economic interactions between different regions.

Lead's presence in biblical texts reflects its practical uses and its role in the broader economic systems of the time. The metal's properties made it a valuable resource for ancient societies, contributing to its mention in trade contexts.

Symbolic Use

The Bible also uses lead symbolically to convey messages about judgment and the nature of sin. The metaphor of sinking like lead in Exodus 15:10 serves to illustrate the irreversible judgment of God upon the Egyptians. Similarly, in Jeremiah 6:29, the imagery of refining lead highlights the stubbornness and impurity of the wicked, contrasting with the purity that God desires in His people.

Overall, lead in the Bible is a multifaceted element, representing both a tangible commodity in ancient trade and a powerful symbol in the spiritual narratives of Scripture.
Nave's Topical Index
Ezekiel 27:12
Tarshish was your merchant by reason of the multitude of all kind of riches; with silver, iron, tin, and lead, they traded in your fairs.
Nave's Topical Index

Library

Directions How to Lead a Heavenly Life Upon Earth.
... What need have we daily to pray, "Lead us not into temptation, but deliver us ... thy
thoughts have been of the joys above, ever since thou didst trade so eagerly ...
/.../baxter/the saints everlasting rest/chapter xii directions how to.htm

The Prayer of Faith is the Only Power in the Universe to which the ...
... Toiling hands and hearts only make proficients in this heavenly trade. ... A very
small number comparatively lead in prayer at the meetings. ...
//christianbookshelf.org/bounds/purpose in prayer/chapter v the prayer of.htm

A Notice of Aetius, Eunomius' Master in Heresy, and of Eunomius ...
... hammers sheets of tin to pieces, and clamps with lead the legs of pots? We were
told that a certain incident which befell him in this trade necessitated the ...
/.../gregory/gregory of nyssa dogmatic treatises etc/section 6 a notice of.htm

The Ministry and Prayer
... Israel out of Egypt through the wilderness into the Promised Land, so, also, does
God call His ministers to lead His spiritual ... "The Christian's trade is praying ...
/.../bounds/the weapon of prayer/vii the ministry and prayer.htm

The Fight with Wild Beasts at Ephesus
... is not likely to look complacently on a religion which would bring his 'trade into
disrepute ... of the Asiarchs, who had no such faith in Diana as to lead them to ...
/.../maclaren/expositions of holy scripture the acts/the fight with wild beasts.htm

Making Haste to be Rich.
... the next week become possessor of a ship, and entered into the East India trade;
and, the next week after that, purchased an interest in a lead-mine on the ...
//christianbookshelf.org/arthur/words for the wise/making haste to be rich.htm

His Unconscious Preparation for his Work
... These calculations lead us to the conclusion that he was born about the same ... The
town enjoyed an extensive trade in timber, with which the province abounded ...
/.../stalker/the life of st paul/chapter ii his unconscious preparation.htm

Laboring under Difficulties
... furthering the cause of Christ, he resorted at times to his trade to gain a ... their
faith, encountered the wiles by which the enemy seeks to lead into fanaticism ...
/.../white/the acts of the apostles/lesson 33 laboring under difficulties.htm

Commerce
... A still more curious inference would almost lead us to describe Solomon as ... merchants";
both words in their derivation pointing to foreign trade, and probably ...
/.../edersheim/sketches of jewish social life/chapter 12 commerce.htm

Doing Glory to God in Pursuits of the World.
... In various ways does the thought of the next world lead men to neglect their ... pursuit
or other of time and sense,"whether it be his own trade or profession ...
/.../newman/parochial and plain sermons vol viii/sermon xi doing glory to.htm

Resources
What does the Bible say about the position of worship leader? | GotQuestions.org

In what ways is sin a slippery slope? | GotQuestions.org

What does it mean to be a godly husband? | GotQuestions.org

Lead: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

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