Matred is a biblical figure mentioned in the genealogical records of the Edomite kings. Her name appears in the context of the lineage of the rulers of Edom, a nation descended from Esau, the brother of Jacob. The primary reference to Matred is found in the Book of Genesis, where she is identified as the mother of Mehetabel.

Biblical Reference:

Matred is mentioned in Genesis 36:39, which states: "When Baal-hanan son of Achbor died, Hadad reigned in his place. His city was named Pau, and his wife was Mehetabel daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab." (Genesis 36:39). This passage situates Matred within the genealogical framework of Edomite royalty, highlighting her role as the mother of Mehetabel, who was married to Hadad, one of the kings of Edom.

Genealogical Context:

The genealogies in Genesis 36 provide a detailed account of the descendants of Esau, emphasizing the establishment and governance of the Edomite nation. Matred's inclusion in this genealogy underscores the importance of maternal lineage in the transmission of royal and noble status. Her daughter, Mehetabel, is noted for her marriage to Hadad, suggesting that Matred's family held a significant position within the Edomite hierarchy.

Cultural and Historical Significance:

In the ancient Near Eastern context, genealogies served not only as records of ancestry but also as affirmations of social and political legitimacy. Matred's mention in the biblical text, though brief, indicates her connection to a line of influential figures in Edom. The reference to her father, Mezahab, further implies a heritage of wealth or distinction, as the name Mezahab can be translated to mean "waters of gold" or "golden waters."

Theological Implications:

From a theological perspective, the inclusion of Edomite genealogies in the Hebrew Scriptures reflects the broader narrative of God's sovereignty over all nations and peoples. While the Edomites were often in conflict with Israel, their genealogical records in the Bible serve as a reminder of their shared ancestry with the Israelites through Isaac and Rebekah. Matred's place in this lineage highlights the interconnectedness of the biblical patriarchal families and the unfolding of God's providential plan through diverse lineages.

Conclusion:

Matred, though a minor figure in the biblical narrative, is part of the intricate tapestry of genealogies that illustrate the complex relationships between the nations surrounding Israel. Her mention in the Scriptures provides insight into the familial and political structures of the time, as well as the enduring significance of maternal lineage in the ancient world.Genesis 36:39
And Baalhanan the son of Achbor died, and Hadar reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pau; and his wife's name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab.
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1 Chronicles 1:50
And when Baalhanan was dead, Hadad reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pai; and his wife's name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab.
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