Sanballat is a prominent figure in the biblical narrative of Nehemiah, known for his opposition and scoffing at the efforts to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem. His actions and attitude provide a clear example of scoffing, which is characterized by mockery, derision, and contempt, particularly towards the work and people of God.

Biblical Context

Sanballat is introduced in the Book of Nehemiah as a Samaritan leader and an adversary to Nehemiah and the Jewish people. He is often associated with Tobiah the Ammonite and Geshem the Arab, forming a coalition against the rebuilding efforts led by Nehemiah. Sanballat's opposition is not merely political but also deeply rooted in a disdain for the Jewish people and their God-ordained mission.

Scoffing and Opposition

Sanballat's scoffing is evident in several key passages in the Book of Nehemiah. In Nehemiah 2:19 , it is recorded: "But when Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite official, and Geshem the Arab heard about this, they mocked and despised us, saying, 'What is this you are doing? Are you rebelling against the king?'" This verse highlights the initial reaction of Sanballat and his allies, who attempt to undermine the morale of the Jewish builders through ridicule and false accusations.

Further, in Nehemiah 4:1-3 , Sanballat's scoffing intensifies as the construction progresses: "Now when Sanballat heard that we were rebuilding the wall, he became furious and was greatly incensed. He ridiculed the Jews before his associates and the army of Samaria, saying, 'What are these feeble Jews doing? Will they restore the wall for themselves? Will they offer sacrifices? Will they finish in a day? Can they bring these burnt stones back to life from the mounds of rubble?' Tobiah the Ammonite, who was beside him, said, 'Even if a fox were to climb up on what they are building, it would break down their wall of stones!'"

These passages illustrate Sanballat's use of sarcasm and belittlement, aiming to discourage the builders and cast doubt on their capabilities and the feasibility of their project. His words reflect a broader spiritual opposition to God's plans and purposes for His people.

Spiritual Implications

Sanballat's scoffing serves as a reminder of the spiritual warfare that often accompanies the work of God. His actions exemplify how mockery and derision can be tools used by adversaries to sow doubt, fear, and discouragement among God's people. The narrative of Nehemiah underscores the importance of perseverance, prayer, and reliance on God in the face of such opposition.

Nehemiah's response to Sanballat's scoffing is instructive for believers. Rather than engaging in a war of words, Nehemiah turns to prayer and continues the work with renewed determination. In Nehemiah 4:4-6 , Nehemiah prays, "Hear us, O our God, for we are despised. Turn their insults back on their own heads. Give them over as plunder in a land of captivity. Do not cover up their guilt or let their sin be blotted out from Your sight, for they have provoked the builders." This prayer reflects a deep trust in God's justice and sovereignty.

Historical and Cultural Background

Sanballat is identified as a Horonite, likely indicating his origins from Horonaim in Moab. As a Samaritan leader, his opposition to Nehemiah is also rooted in the historical tensions between the Samaritans and the Jews. The Samaritans, who had established their own center of worship on Mount Gerizim, were often at odds with the Jewish community centered in Jerusalem. Sanballat's actions can be seen as part of this broader conflict, as he seeks to maintain Samaritan influence and prevent the re-establishment of a strong Jewish presence in Jerusalem.

In summary, Sanballat's scoffing is a significant aspect of the opposition faced by Nehemiah and the Jewish people during the rebuilding of Jerusalem's walls. His mockery and derision serve as a cautionary example of the spiritual and practical challenges that can arise when pursuing God's work.Nehemiah 4:1
But it came to pass, that when Sanballat heard that we built the wall, he was wroth, and took great indignation, and mocked the Jews.
Nave's Topical Index

The Wall Rebuilt.
... Down upon them came the Samaritans again, scoffing at those "feeble Jews," saying
that a ... of the sons of the High Priest was son-in-law to Sanballat, the worst ...
/...//christianbookshelf.org/yonge/the chosen people/lesson xiv the wall rebuilt.htm

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