Topical Encyclopedia Tarsus, an ancient city located in the region of Cilicia, is renowned as the birthplace of the Apostle Paul, one of the most influential figures in early Christianity. Situated in what is now modern-day Turkey, Tarsus was a significant urban center during the Roman Empire, known for its cultural, intellectual, and economic prominence.Historical and Geographical Context Tarsus was strategically positioned on the southern coast of Asia Minor, near the Cydnus River, which provided access to the Mediterranean Sea. This location made it a hub for trade and cultural exchange, contributing to its prosperity and diverse population. The city was part of the Roman province of Cilicia, and its status as a free city granted it a degree of autonomy and privileges, including exemption from certain taxes. Cultural and Educational Significance Tarsus was celebrated for its educational institutions and was considered a center of learning, rivaling other prominent cities such as Athens and Alexandria. The city's intellectual environment likely influenced Paul, who was well-versed in Greek philosophy and rhetoric, as evidenced by his writings and speeches in the New Testament. Paul's Citizenship and Background The Apostle Paul, originally named Saul, was born in Tarsus to a Jewish family of the tribe of Benjamin. His Roman citizenship, a rare privilege for a Jew of that time, played a crucial role in his missionary journeys and legal protections. In Acts 22:28, Paul asserts his citizenship, stating, "But I was born a citizen" , highlighting the significance of his Tarsian heritage. Biblical References to Tarsus The New Testament provides several references to Tarsus, primarily in relation to Paul's life and ministry. In Acts 9:11, following his dramatic conversion on the road to Damascus, Paul is described as "Saul of Tarsus" , indicating his origins. Additionally, after his initial preaching in Jerusalem, Paul returns to Tarsus for a period, as noted in Acts 9:30: "When the brothers learned of this, they took him down to Caesarea and sent him off to Tarsus" . Paul's Return to Tarsus Following his conversion and early ministry, Paul spent time in Tarsus before being brought to Antioch by Barnabas, as recorded in Acts 11:25-26: "Then Barnabas went to Tarsus to look for Saul, and when he found him, he brought him to Antioch" . This period in Tarsus likely allowed Paul to further develop his theological understanding and prepare for his extensive missionary work. Legacy of Tarsus in Christian History Tarsus holds a significant place in Christian history as the starting point of Paul's journey, which would lead to the spread of the Gospel throughout the Roman Empire. The city's rich cultural and educational environment may have equipped Paul with the tools necessary to engage with diverse audiences, both Jewish and Gentile, as he proclaimed the message of Christ. In summary, Tarsus is not only notable as the birthplace of the Apostle Paul but also as a city that contributed to his formation as a pivotal figure in the early Church. Its historical and cultural context provides valuable insight into the background of one of Christianity's foremost apostles. Nave's Topical Index Acts 9:11And the Lord said to him, Arise, and go into the street which is called Straight, and inquire in the house of Judas for one called Saul, of Tarsus: for, behold, he prays, Nave's Topical Index Acts 21:39 Acts 22:3 Library His Unconscious Preparation for his Work To the Regions Beyond Introduction. By the American Reviser. Critical Notes. Resources What is the story of Saul of Tarsus before he became the apostle Paul? | GotQuestions.orgWhat happened on Paul's first missionary journey? | GotQuestions.org How was Paul a Roman citizen? | GotQuestions.org Tarsus: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com Bible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus |
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