The mina is an ancient unit of weight and currency mentioned in the Bible, primarily in the context of trade and commerce. It is a term that appears in both the Old and New Testaments, reflecting its significance in the economic practices of biblical times.

Old Testament References

In the Old Testament, the mina is referenced as a measure of weight. The Hebrew term for mina is "מָנֶה" (maneh). It is often associated with the larger systems of weights and measures, such as the shekel and the talent. According to Ezekiel 45:12 , "The shekel will consist of twenty gerahs. Twenty shekels plus twenty-five shekels plus fifteen shekels will be your mina." This passage indicates that the mina was a standardized weight used in the context of temple offerings and trade.

The mina is also mentioned in the context of wealth and tribute. In 1 Kings 10:17 , it is recorded that King Solomon made "three hundred small shields of hammered gold, three minas of gold went into each shield." This illustrates the mina's role in the accumulation and display of wealth during the reign of Solomon, a period noted for its prosperity and grandeur.

New Testament References

In the New Testament, the mina is featured in the Parable of the Ten Minas, found in Luke 19:11-27 . In this parable, Jesus tells of a nobleman who entrusts his servants with minas to invest while he is away. Upon his return, he assesses their stewardship. The parable serves as a lesson on responsibility, faithfulness, and the kingdom of God. The mina here symbolizes the resources and opportunities given by God, with an expectation of fruitful stewardship.

Cultural and Historical Context

The mina was a significant unit of currency in the ancient Near East, including Mesopotamia and the surrounding regions. It was used in various forms, such as silver or gold, and its value could vary depending on the region and period. The mina's role in trade and commerce underscores the interconnectedness of ancient economies and the importance of standardized measures.

In biblical times, weights and measures were crucial for fair trade and economic stability. The use of the mina, along with other units like the shekel and talent, reflects a sophisticated system of commerce that was integral to daily life and governance.

Theological Significance

The mina, as depicted in the Bible, carries theological implications beyond its economic function. In the Parable of the Ten Minas, it serves as a metaphor for the gifts and responsibilities bestowed upon believers. The expectation of wise and faithful management of these gifts is a recurring theme in Scripture, emphasizing accountability and the anticipation of Christ's return.

The mina's presence in both the Old and New Testaments highlights the continuity of God's principles regarding stewardship and the use of resources. It serves as a reminder of the divine mandate to manage earthly possessions in a manner that honors God and advances His kingdom.