Introduction

Humility is a foundational virtue in Christian theology, deeply rooted in the teachings of the Bible. It is the quality of having a modest view of one's importance and is often juxtaposed with pride, which is considered a sin. Humility is essential for a right relationship with God and others, and it is a recurring theme throughout Scripture.

Old Testament Foundations

The Old Testament lays the groundwork for understanding humility as a virtue. In Micah 6:8, the prophet succinctly states what God requires of His people: "He has shown you, O man, what is good. And what does the LORD require of you but to act justly, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with your God?" . This verse highlights humility as a key component of a life pleasing to God.

The wisdom literature, particularly the Book of Proverbs, frequently contrasts humility with pride. Proverbs 11:2 warns, "When pride comes, disgrace follows, but with humility comes wisdom" . Similarly, Proverbs 22:4 states, "The rewards of humility and the fear of the LORD are wealth and honor and life" . These passages emphasize that humility leads to wisdom, honor, and life, while pride leads to disgrace.

Humility in the Life of Jesus

The New Testament presents Jesus Christ as the ultimate example of humility. Philippians 2:5-8 describes the humility of Christ: "Let this mind be in you which was also in Christ Jesus: Who, existing in the form of God, did not consider equality with God something to be grasped, but emptied Himself, taking the form of a servant, being made in human likeness. And being found in appearance as a man, He humbled Himself and became obedient to death—even death on a cross" . Jesus' willingness to humble Himself, even to the point of death, serves as the supreme model for believers.

Teachings of Jesus on Humility

Jesus taught extensively on the importance of humility. In the Beatitudes, He begins with, "Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven" (Matthew 5:3). This phrase "poor in spirit" is often understood as a call to humility, recognizing one's spiritual neediness before God.

In Matthew 18:4, Jesus further instructs, "Therefore, whoever humbles himself like this little child is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven" . Here, Jesus uses the example of a child to illustrate the kind of humble dependence and trust that is required to enter the kingdom of heaven.

Apostolic Teachings on Humility

The apostles continued to emphasize the need for humility in the early church. James 4:6-10 offers a stark reminder: "But He gives us more grace. This is why it says: 'God opposes the proud, but gives grace to the humble.' Submit yourselves, then, to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you. Draw near to God, and He will draw near to you... Humble yourselves before the Lord, and He will exalt you" . James underscores that humility is essential for receiving God's grace and favor.

Similarly, the Apostle Peter exhorts believers in 1 Peter 5:5-6, "Young men, in the same way, submit yourselves to your elders. And all of you, clothe yourselves with humility toward one another, because, 'God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble.' Humble yourselves, therefore, under God’s mighty hand, so that in due time He may exalt you" . Peter emphasizes mutual humility within the community of believers and the promise of exaltation by God.

Practical Implications

Humility is not merely an abstract virtue but has practical implications for daily living. It involves recognizing one's limitations, being teachable, and valuing others above oneself. Philippians 2:3-4 instructs, "Do nothing out of selfish ambition or empty pride, but in humility consider others more important than yourselves. Each of you should look not only to your own interests, but also to the interests of others" . This passage calls believers to a life of selflessness and service, reflecting the humility of Christ.

In summary, humility is a central tenet of the Christian faith, deeply embedded in both the Old and New Testaments. It is essential for spiritual growth, community harmony, and a proper relationship with God. Through the example of Jesus and the teachings of Scripture, believers are called to cultivate humility in their lives.