The concept of the priesthood and intercession is deeply rooted in the biblical narrative, serving as a vital component of the relationship between God and His people. The priesthood is established as a divinely appointed institution, with priests acting as mediators between God and humanity. Intercession, a key function of the priesthood, involves the act of intervening or mediating on behalf of others through prayer and sacrifice.

Old Testament Priesthood

The priesthood in the Old Testament is primarily associated with the Levitical priesthood, established under the Mosaic Law. Aaron, the brother of Moses, was appointed as the first high priest, and his descendants were designated as priests (Exodus 28:1). The tribe of Levi was set apart for priestly duties, serving in the Tabernacle and later in the Temple. The priests were responsible for offering sacrifices, maintaining the sanctuary, and teaching the Law to the people.

The high priest held a unique role, entering the Holy of Holies once a year on the Day of Atonement to make atonement for the sins of the nation (Leviticus 16:32-34). This act of intercession was central to the priestly function, symbolizing the need for mediation between a holy God and sinful humanity.

Intercession in the Old Testament

Intercession is a recurring theme throughout the Old Testament. Figures such as Abraham, Moses, and Samuel are depicted as intercessors who plead with God on behalf of others. For instance, Moses interceded for the Israelites after they sinned by worshiping the golden calf, imploring God to forgive their transgression (Exodus 32:11-14). The role of the priest as an intercessor is further emphasized in the sacrificial system, where offerings were made to atone for the sins of the people.

The Priesthood of Christ

The New Testament presents Jesus Christ as the ultimate fulfillment of the priesthood. The Epistle to the Hebrews expounds on Christ's priesthood, describing Him as a high priest "in the order of Melchizedek" (Hebrews 5:10). Unlike the Levitical priests, Christ's priesthood is eternal and perfect. He offered Himself as the ultimate sacrifice for sin, rendering the old sacrificial system obsolete (Hebrews 9:11-14).

Christ's intercessory role is highlighted in His ongoing ministry at the right hand of the Father. Hebrews 7:25 states, "Therefore He is able to save completely those who draw near to God through Him, since He always lives to intercede for them." This underscores the belief that Christ continually mediates on behalf of believers, ensuring their access to God.

The Priesthood of Believers

The New Testament also introduces the concept of the priesthood of all believers. 1 Peter 2:9 declares, "But you are a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God’s own possession, to proclaim the virtues of Him who called you out of darkness into His marvelous light." This passage affirms that all Christians are called to participate in the priestly work of intercession, prayer, and proclamation of the Gospel.

Believers are encouraged to intercede for one another and for the world, following the example of Christ. The apostle Paul frequently exhorts the church to engage in intercessory prayer, as seen in 1 Timothy 2:1 : "First of all, then, I urge that petitions, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgiving be offered for everyone."

Conclusion

The priesthood and intercession are integral to understanding the biblical framework of mediation between God and humanity. From the Levitical priesthood to the ultimate high priesthood of Christ, and the priesthood of all believers, the theme of intercession underscores the importance of prayer and mediation in the life of faith.