Topical Bible: Unciton

◄ Unciton ►

Topical Encyclopedia

Unction, in biblical terms, refers to the act of anointing with oil as a symbol of consecration, healing, or empowerment by the Holy Spirit. This practice is deeply rooted in the traditions of the Old and New Testaments, serving as a physical representation of God's presence and blessing.

Old Testament Context

In the Old Testament, unction is primarily associated with the anointing of priests, kings, and prophets. The anointing oil, often a mixture of olive oil and spices, was used to set individuals apart for God's service. Exodus 30:25-30 provides a detailed description of the sacred anointing oil and its use: "Prepare from these a holy anointing oil, a fragrant blend, the work of a perfumer; it will be a holy anointing oil. Use this oil to anoint the Tent of Meeting, the Ark of the Testimony, the table and all its utensils, the lampstand and its utensils, the altar of incense, the altar of burnt offering and all its utensils, and the basin with its stand. You are to consecrate them so that they will be most holy. Whatever touches them will be holy. Anoint Aaron and his sons and consecrate them to serve Me as priests" .

The anointing of kings is another significant aspect of unction in the Old Testament. For instance, the prophet Samuel anointed Saul and later David as kings over Israel (1 Samuel 10:1; 16:13). This act symbolized God's choice and empowerment of these individuals to lead His people.

New Testament Context

In the New Testament, unction takes on a more spiritual dimension, often associated with the anointing of the Holy Spirit. Jesus Christ, referred to as the "Anointed One" or "Messiah," embodies the ultimate fulfillment of Old Testament anointing. In Luke 4:18-19, Jesus reads from the scroll of Isaiah, declaring, "The Spirit of the Lord is on Me, because He has anointed Me to preach good news to the poor. He has sent Me to proclaim liberty to the captives and recovery of sight to the blind, to release the oppressed, to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favor" .

The practice of anointing with oil for healing is also evident in the New Testament. James 5:14-15 instructs, "Is any one of you sick? He should call the elders of the church to pray over him and anoint him with oil in the name of the Lord. And the prayer offered in faith will restore the one who is sick. The Lord will raise him up. If he has sinned, he will be forgiven" . This passage highlights the continued use of unction as a means of invoking divine healing and forgiveness.

Theological Significance

Unction signifies the presence and work of the Holy Spirit in the life of a believer. It represents sanctification, empowerment, and divine favor. The anointing with oil serves as a tangible reminder of God's promises and His active role in the lives of His people. In the broader Christian tradition, unction is often associated with the sacraments and rites of the church, such as baptism, confirmation, and the anointing of the sick.

Throughout Scripture, unction underscores the importance of being set apart for God's purposes and the transformative power of His Spirit. It is a profound expression of God's grace and a testament to His ongoing work in the world.

ATS Bible Dictionary

Unciton

Anointing, 1 John 2:20,27, the special communication of the influence of the Holy Spirit by Christ to believers, leading them into all truth and holiness.