Ezekiel Chapter 27

We have next an animated and striking picture of the commerce of Tyre. "And the word of Jehovah came again unto me, saying, Now, thou son of man, take up a lamentation for Tyrus; and say unto Tyrus, O thou that art situate at the entry of the sea, which art a merchant of the people for many isles, Thus saith the Lord Jehovah, O Tyrus, thou hast said, I am of perfect beauty." (Ver. 1-3) This lamentation soon passes into an allegory. Tyre is addressed personally. Her position is set forth graphically as well as her self-complacency. From verse 4 the allegory of a ship is before us and this very strikingly in keeping with the peculiar character of Tyre. "Thy borders are in the heart of the seas, thy builders have perfected thy beauty. They have made all thy ship boards of fir trees of Senir [the south of Anti-libanus]; they have taken cedars from Lebanon to make masts for thee. Of the oaks of Bashan have they made thine oars," etc. So the description follows, trenches of ivory out of the isles of Chittim, embroidered fine linen or cotton from Egypt for sails, blue and purple covering from the isles or coasts of Elishah - such were the adornments of the vessel. From verse 8-11, we have the crew, the pilots, and the traders, the marines and the guards. "The inhabitants of Zidon and Arvad were thy marines: thy wise men, O Tyrus, that were in thee, were thy pilots. The ancients of Gebal and the wise men thereof were in thee thy caulkers: all the ships of the sea with their mariners were in thee to occupy thy merchandise. They of Persia and of Lud and of Phut were in thine army, thy men of war: they hanged the shield and helmet in thee; they set forth thy comeliness. The men of Arvad with thine army were upon thy walls round about, and the Gammadim were in thy towers: they hanged their shields upon thy walls round about; they have made thy beauty perfect." (Ver. 8-11) Thus those near at hand are supposed to be sailors and pilots, with mercenaries from Persia on the east, Lud and Phut on the west. Tyre laid all under contribution and loved to gather the most remote under her banner.

From verse 12 we enter upon her foreign trade, beginning with Tarshish itself and ending with its ships in verse 25. In these early days Tarshish seems to have given its name to vessels that sailed anywhere, at any rate, on long voyages, pretty much like our own term "East Indiamen." "Tarshish was thy merchant by reason of the multitude of all kind of riches; with silver, iron, tin, and lead, they traded in thy fairs." In verse 13 we have quite a different class of merchandise. "Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were thy merchants: they traded the persons of men and vessels of brass in thy market." Here we stretch to the far east from the west. Then in verse 14 we have north Armenia. "They of the house of Togarmah traded in thy fairs with horses and horsemen and mules." Then we come down to the south. "The men of Dedan were thy merchants; many isles were the merchandise of thine hand: they brought thee for a present horns of ivory and ebony." Next we come to Syria (if this be the reading, for fifteen MSS read Edom) which traded with Tyre with emeralds (or carbuncles), purple embroidery, fine linen (or cotton) and coral and ruby.

Then we have the connection of Tyre with Judah and the land of Israel. "They were thy merchants, they traded in the market wheat of Minnith and Pannag, and honey and oil and balm." Damascus seems to have bought Tyrian wares and to have given in return wine of Helbon (or Aleppo) and white wool.

Verse 19 appears to put together peculiarly Dan and Javan from "Usal" (translated in our Authorized Version, "going to and fro"). It seems contrary to analogy that the copulative should begin the verse. Some therefore, instead of translating it "Dan also" say "Dedan and Javan." Others decide for Aden. As it would seem that some places in Arabia are here meant, so perhaps the second Dedan. Arabia and all the princes of Kedar traded in lambs and rams and he-goats. Again merchants of Sheba and Raamah traded with Tyre, furnishing the markets with the best spices and with all precious stones and gold. Next we find the Mesopotamian traders. From these eastern sources they had the most showy articles, purple, and damask, and embroidery, wound up with the ships of Tarshish, the great means of conveyance for the ancient world. Instead of the singular expression in our version, "The ships of Tarshish did sing of thee in thy market," there is good authority for understanding "The ships of Tarshish were thy walls, thy trade." A similar expression has been used popularly of our own country.

But no fulness from without, no glory even in the heart of the seas, could resist the word of Jehovah. The day of Tyre was come. "Thy rowers brought thee into great waters: the east wind broke thee in the heart of the seas." From verse 26 just quoted begins the prophet's description of the ruin of Tyre. We return to the previous allegory. Tyre is a ship that founders at sea. Nebuchadnezzar is the east wind that upset her. "Thy riches and thy fairs, thy merchandise, thy mariners, and thy pilots, thy Balkers, and the occupiers [or barterers] of thy merchandise, and all thy men of war [or warriors] that are in thee, even with all thy company which is in the midst of thee, shall fall in the heart of the seas in the day of thy fall." (Ver. 27)

Slowly had Tyre risen to this immense and concentrated trade; how quickly all fell to ruin when Nebuchadnezzar struck the first blow and irretrievably when Alexander the Great struck the last! "The suburbs shall shake at the sound of the cry of thy pilots. And all that handle the oar, the mariners, and all the pilots of the sea, shall come down from their ships, they shall stand upon the land: and shall cause their voice to be heard against thee, and shall cry bitterly, and shall cast up dust upon their heads, they shall wallow themselves in the ashes; and they shall make themselves utterly bald for thee, and gird them with sackcloth, and they shall weep for thee with bitterness of heart and bitter wailing. And in their wailing they shall take up a lamentation for thee, and lament over thee, saying, What city is like Tyrus, like the destroyed in the heart of the sea? When thy wares went forth out of the seas, thou filledst many people; thou didst enrich the kings of the earth, with the multitude of thy riches and of thy merchandise. In the time when thou shalt be broken by the seas in the midst of the waters, thy merchandise and all thy company in the midst of thee shall fall. All the inhabitants of the isles shall be astonished at thee, and their kings shall be sore afraid, they shall be troubled in their countenance. The merchants among the people shall hiss at thee; thou shalt be a terror, and never shall be any more." (Ver. 28-36) This bitter and widespread mourning may remind the reader of the Revelation of another city, far more corrupt as being the corruption of what was incomparably more excellent in New Testament times, whose judgment still lingers, but will surely come, for strong is the Lord God who judgeth her.