Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version “’The merchants of Sheba and Raamah traded with you; for your merchandise they exchanged the finest of all kinds of spices and precious stones, and gold. New Living Translation The merchants of Sheba and Raamah came with all kinds of spices, jewels, and gold in exchange for your wares. English Standard Version The traders of Sheba and Raamah traded with you; they exchanged for your wares the best of all kinds of spices and all precious stones and gold. Berean Standard Bible The merchants of Sheba and Raamah traded with you; for your wares they exchanged gold, the finest of all spices, and precious stones. King James Bible The merchants of Sheba and Raamah, they were thy merchants: they occupied in thy fairs with chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold. New King James Version The merchants of Sheba and Raamah were your merchants. They traded for your wares the choicest spices, all kinds of precious stones, and gold. New American Standard Bible The traders of Sheba and Raamah, they traded with you; they paid for your merchandise with the best of all balsam oil, and with all kinds of precious stones, and gold. NASB 1995 “The traders of Sheba and Raamah, they traded with you; they paid for your wares with the best of all kinds of spices, and with all kinds of precious stones and gold. NASB 1977 “The traders of Sheba and Raamah, they traded with you; they paid for your wares with the best of all kinds of spices, and with all kinds of precious stones, and gold. Legacy Standard Bible The traders of Sheba and Raamah, they traded with you; they paid for your wares with the best of all kinds of spices and with all kinds of precious stones and gold. Amplified Bible The merchants of Sheba and Raamah [in Arabia], they traded with you; they paid for your wares with the choicest of all kinds of spices and all kinds of precious stones and gold. Christian Standard Bible The merchants of Sheba and Raamah traded with you. For your merchandise they exchanged the best of all spices and all kinds of precious stones as well as gold. Holman Christian Standard Bible The merchants of Sheba and Raamah traded with you. They exchanged gold, the best of all spices, and all kinds of precious stones for your merchandise. American Standard Version The traffickers of Sheba and Raamah, they were thy traffickers; they traded for thy wares with the chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold. Contemporary English Version Merchants from Sheba and Raamah gave you excellent spices, precious stones, and gold in exchange for your products. English Revised Version The traffickers of Sheba and Raamah, they were thy traffickers: they traded for thy wares with chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold. GOD'S WORD® Translation The merchants from Sheba and Raamah traded with you. They traded the finest spices, precious stones, and gold for your merchandise. Good News Translation For your goods the merchants of Sheba and Raamah traded jewels, gold, and the finest spices. International Standard Version Traders from Sheba and Raamah paid for the best of what you had to offer with all types of spices, precious stones, and gold. NET Bible The merchants of Sheba and Raamah engaged in trade with you; they traded the best kinds of spices along with precious stones and gold for your products. New Heart English Bible The traffickers of Sheba and Raamah, they were your traffickers; they traded for your wares with the chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold. Webster's Bible Translation The merchants of Sheba and Raamah, they were thy merchants: they occupied in thy fairs with chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold. Majority Text Translations Majority Standard BibleThe merchants of Sheba and Raamah traded with you; for your wares they exchanged gold, the finest of all spices, and precious stones. World English Bible “‘“The traders of Sheba and Raamah were your traders. They traded for your wares with the best of all spices, all precious stones, and gold. Literal Translations Literal Standard VersionMerchants of Sheba and Raamah—they [are] your merchants, "" They have given the chief of all spices, "" And every precious stone, and gold [for] your wares. Young's Literal Translation Merchants of Sheba and Raamah -- they are thy merchants, For the chief of all spices, And for every precious stone, and gold, They have given out thy remnants. Smith's Literal Translation The merchants of Sheba and Raamah, they thy merchants with the head of all spicery, and with every precious stone and gold they gave thy markets. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleThe sellers of Saba, and Reema, they were thy merchants: with all the best spices, and precious stones, and gold, which they set forth in thy market. Catholic Public Domain Version The vendors of Sheba and Raamah, these were your merchants, with all the finest aromatics, and precious stones, and gold, which they offered in your marketplace. New American Bible The merchants of Sheba and Raamah also traded with you, exchanging for your wares the very best spices, all kinds of precious stones, and gold. New Revised Standard Version The merchants of Sheba and Raamah traded with you; they exchanged for your wares the best of all kinds of spices, and all precious stones, and gold. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleThe merchants of Sheba and Raamah brought to your markets their best spices and precious stones and gold. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated The Merchants of Sheba and of Rama brought you the best spices and good stones and gold to buy OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917The traffickers of Sheba and Raamah, they were thy traffickers; they traded for thy wares with chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold. Brenton Septuagint Translation The merchants of Sabba and Ramma, these were thy merchants, with choice spices, and precious stones: and they brought gold to thy market. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context A Lament for Tyre…21Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your customers, trading in lambs, rams, and goats. 22The merchants of Sheba and Raamah traded with you; for your wares they exchanged gold, the finest of all spices, and precious stones. 23Haran, Canneh, and Eden traded with you, and so did the merchants of Sheba, Asshur, and Chilmad.… Cross References Revelation 18:11-13 And the merchants of the earth will weep and mourn over her, because there is no one left to buy their cargo— / cargo of gold, silver, precious stones, and pearls; of fine linen, purple, silk, and scarlet; of all kinds of citron wood and every article of ivory, precious wood, bronze, iron, and marble; / of cinnamon, spice, incense, myrrh, and frankincense; of wine, olive oil, fine flour, and wheat; of cattle, sheep, horses, and carriages; of bodies and souls of slaves. Isaiah 60:6 Caravans of camels will cover your land, young camels of Midian and Ephah, and all from Sheba will come, bearing gold and frankincense and proclaiming the praises of the LORD. 1 Kings 10:2 She arrived in Jerusalem with a very large caravan—with camels bearing spices, gold in great abundance, and precious stones. And she came to Solomon and spoke to him all that was on her mind. Jeremiah 6:20 What use to Me is frankincense from Sheba or sweet cane from a distant land? Your burnt offerings are not acceptable; your sacrifices do not please Me.” Matthew 2:11 On coming to the house, they saw the Child with His mother Mary, and they fell down and worshiped Him. Then they opened their treasures and presented Him with gifts of gold and frankincense and myrrh. 1 Kings 10:10 Then she gave the king 120 talents of gold, a great quantity of spices, and precious stones. Never again were spices in such abundance brought in as those the queen of Sheba gave to King Solomon. Song of Solomon 3:6 Who is this coming up from the wilderness like a column of smoke, scented with myrrh and frankincense from all the spices of the merchant? Isaiah 21:13 This is the burden against Arabia: In the thickets of Arabia you must lodge, O caravans of Dedanites. Genesis 37:25 And as they sat down to eat a meal, they looked up and saw a caravan of Ishmaelites coming from Gilead. Their camels were carrying spices, balm, and myrrh on their way down to Egypt. Psalm 72:10 May the kings of Tarshish and distant shores bring tribute; may the kings of Sheba and Seba offer gifts. 2 Chronicles 9:1 Now when the queen of Sheba heard about the fame of Solomon, she came to test him with difficult questions. She arrived in Jerusalem with a very large caravan—with camels bearing spices, gold in abundance, and precious stones. And she came to Solomon and spoke with him about all that was on her mind. Isaiah 60:13 The glory of Lebanon will come to you—its cypress, elm, and boxwood together—to adorn the place of My sanctuary, and I will glorify the place of My feet. 1 Kings 10:15 not including the revenue from the merchants, traders, and all the Arabian kings and governors of the land. 2 Chronicles 9:9 Then she gave the king 120 talents of gold, a great quantity of spices, and precious stones. There had never been such spices as those the queen of Sheba gave to King Solomon. Isaiah 23:8 Who planned this against Tyre, the bestower of crowns, whose traders are princes, whose merchants are renowned on the earth? Treasury of Scripture The merchants of Sheba and Raamah, they were your merchants: they occupied in your fairs with chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold. Sheba Genesis 10:7 And the sons of Cush; Seba, and Havilah, and Sabtah, and Raamah, and Sabtecha: and the sons of Raamah; Sheba, and Dedan. 1 Kings 10:1-13 And when the queen of Sheba heard of the fame of Solomon concerning the name of the LORD, she came to prove him with hard questions… 1 Chronicles 1:9 And the sons of Cush; Seba, and Havilah, and Sabta, and Raamah, and Sabtecha. And the sons of Raamah; Sheba, and Dedan. Jump to Previous Best Chief Choice Exchanged Fairs Furnished Gold Great Kinds Markets Merchandise Merchants Occupied Paid Precious Price Raamah Ra'amah Remnants Sheba Sorts Spices Stone Stones Trade Traded Traders Traffickers WaresJump to Next Best Chief Choice Exchanged Fairs Furnished Gold Great Kinds Markets Merchandise Merchants Occupied Paid Precious Price Raamah Ra'amah Remnants Sheba Sorts Spices Stone Stones Trade Traded Traders Traffickers WaresEzekiel 27 1. The riches and commerce of Tyrus26. The great and irrecoverable fall thereof The merchants of Sheba and Raamah traded with you; Sheba and Raamah were regions known for their wealth and trade in ancient times. Sheba is often associated with the Sabaeans, a people from the southern Arabian Peninsula, known for their trade in incense and spices. Raamah is mentioned in Genesis 10:7 as a descendant of Cush, indicating a connection to the regions around the Arabian Peninsula. The mention of these merchants highlights the extensive trade networks of Tyre, a powerful city-state known for its commerce and influence. This phrase underscores the prosperity and far-reaching connections of Tyre, which is a central theme in Ezekiel's lamentation over the city. for your wares they exchanged gold, the finest of all spices, and precious stones. Persons / Places / Events 1. ShebaAn ancient kingdom, often associated with wealth and trade, located in the region of modern-day Yemen. Known for its spices and precious goods, Sheba is frequently mentioned in the Bible as a symbol of prosperity and commerce. 2. Raamah A region or tribe mentioned in the Bible, likely located in the Arabian Peninsula. Raamah was known for its trading activities, particularly in luxury goods. 3. Merchants Traders who engaged in commerce with Tyre, the city being addressed in this chapter. These merchants were instrumental in the exchange of goods and wealth, contributing to Tyre's prosperity. 4. Tyre A prominent ancient Phoenician city known for its wealth and trade. In Ezekiel 27, Tyre is depicted as a powerful maritime trading hub, engaging with various nations and regions. 5. Trade Goods The passage mentions spices, precious stones, and gold, highlighting the luxurious and valuable nature of the goods exchanged. These items symbolize wealth and the extensive trade networks of the time. Teaching Points The Transience of Earthly WealthThe passage highlights the wealth and prosperity of Tyre through its trade with Sheba and Raamah. However, it serves as a reminder that earthly riches are temporary and can lead to pride and downfall, as seen in Tyre's eventual destruction. The Importance of Righteous Trade Engaging in commerce and trade is not inherently wrong, but it should be conducted with integrity and fairness. Christians are called to be honest in their dealings, reflecting God's righteousness in all aspects of life. God's Sovereignty Over Nations The extensive trade networks and wealth of Tyre demonstrate the interconnectedness of nations. Yet, God is sovereign over all, and He can raise or bring down nations according to His will. Believers should trust in God's ultimate control over world affairs. The Allure of Materialism The luxurious goods mentioned in the passage can tempt individuals to prioritize material wealth over spiritual riches. Christians are encouraged to seek first the kingdom of God and His righteousness, rather than being consumed by the pursuit of material possessions. Bible Study Questions and Answers 1. What is the meaning of Ezekiel 27:22?2. How does Ezekiel 27:22 illustrate the importance of trade in biblical times? 3. What can we learn from Sheba and Raamah's trading practices in Ezekiel 27:22? 4. How does Ezekiel 27:22 connect with Proverbs on the value of wisdom? 5. How can we apply the diligence of Sheba and Raamah in our work? 6. What does Ezekiel 27:22 teach about the pursuit of material wealth today? 7. What does Ezekiel 27:22 reveal about ancient trade practices and their significance in biblical times? 8. How does Ezekiel 27:22 reflect the economic relationships between Tyre and other nations? 9. What theological message is conveyed through the mention of Sheba and Raamah in Ezekiel 27:22? 10. What are the top 10 Lessons from Ezekiel 27? 11. What is calamus in the Bible? 12. Does the mention of Tarshish and other distant lands in Ezekiel 27 align with known ancient geography and historical records? 13. In Ezekiel 27:12-23, are the extensive trade routes and goods mentioned supported by archaeological findings? 14. If Ezekiel 35:5 describes Edom's 'perpetual hatred,' does historical record support such an unbroken hostility? What Does Ezekiel 27:22 Mean The merchants of Sheba and RaamahSheba and Raamah were flourishing Arabian kingdoms known for caravan trade (Genesis 10:7; 1 Kings 10:1–2). Their merchants were not mythical figures but real, wealthy traders who traveled long desert routes to seaports such as Tyre. Isaiah 60:6 later pictures these same peoples bringing gifts to Zion, confirming their historic role in commerce. traded with you “You” is Tyre, the Phoenician city-state described in the larger oracle of Ezekiel 27. Tyre’s harbors drew merchants from every direction (compare Ezekiel 27:3, 25). The verse underscores how far-reaching Tyre’s economic influence was—stretching deep into Arabia. for your wares Tyre’s “wares” included purple dye, fine linen, cedar, ivory, and every luxury the Mediterranean world desired (see Ezekiel 27:3–24). The city’s ships acted like ancient shipping containers, accepting exotic products and redistributing them throughout the region. they exchanged gold Arabian mines and panning streams produced significant quantities of gold (Job 28:1–2). When Queen Sheba visited Solomon she brought “120 talents of gold” (1 Kings 10:10). That same commodity now flows to Tyre, proving the literal prosperity of these kingdoms. the finest of all spices Frankincense, myrrh, and cinnamon were harvested on the Arabian peninsula (Song of Songs 4:14; Exodus 30:23–24). Matthew 2:11 shows these spices retained value even a millennium later. Their mention highlights how luxury goods, not just necessities, filled Tyre’s markets. and precious stones Gemstones such as onyx, agate, and beryl moved along caravan routes from Arabia and possibly India (1 Chronicles 29:2; Revelation 21:19–20). Tyre’s jewelers would cut and set these stones, multiplying their worth before re-export. summary Ezekiel 27:22 shows Tyre at the height of global commerce: real Arabian traders from Sheba and Raamah brought literal gold, elite spices, and rare gems in exchange for Tyre’s coveted merchandise. The verse demonstrates the fulfillment of God’s earlier words about Tyre’s wealth (Ezekiel 27:3), setting the stage for the severe judgment that follows. It reminds readers that earthly riches, no matter how vast, cannot shield a nation from divine accountability. (22) Sheba and Raamah were both Hamites, descended from Cush (Genesis 10:7). They occupied that part of Arabia in the south-east which lies on the Bay of Oman, in the Persian Gulf, and were famous in antiquity for the products mentioned in the text, and which, with the exception of gold, are still found there.Verse 22. - Sheba. The Sabaea of the Greeks. It is applied, in Genesis 10:7 and 1 Chronicles 1:9, to a grandson of Cush; in Genesis 10:28 and 1 Chronicles 1:22, to a son of Joktan; and in Genesis 25:3 and 1 Chronicles 1:32, to a grandson of Abraham. Geographically, in Ezekiel's time it probably included the South-Arabian region, that of Yemen, or Arabia Felix, and was famous, as in the history of the Queen of Sheba, for its gold, gems, and spices (1 Kings 10:1, 2; Psalm 72:10, 15). Raamah. Named in Genesis 10:7 as father of the Cushite Sheba, and probably, therefore, connected with it ethnologically and geographically. The chief of all spices had probably a technical name, like the "principal spices" of Exodus 30:23 and Song of Solomon 4:14 for the genuine balsam, the product of the Amyris opobalsamum, which is found between Mecca and Medina. The precious stones includes onyx, rubies, agates, and cornelians found in the mountains of Hadramant, and the jaspers and crystals of Yemen. In the Rhammanitae, mentioned by Strabo as a Sabaean tribe (16:782), we have, perhaps, a survival of the old name.Parallel Commentaries ... Hebrew The merchantsרֹכְלֵ֤י (rō·ḵə·lê) Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct Strong's 7402: To travel for, trading of Sheba שְׁבָא֙ (šə·ḇā) Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 7614: Sheba -- a territory in soutwest Arabia, also the name of one or more descendant of Noah and Raamah וְרַעְמָ֔ה (wə·ra‘·māh) Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 7484: Raamah -- 'trembling', son of Cush, also a trading people traded with you; רֹכְלָ֑יִךְ (rō·ḵə·lā·yiḵ) Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | second person feminine singular Strong's 7402: To travel for, trading for your wares עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ׃ (‘iz·ḇō·w·nā·yiḵ) Noun - masculine plural construct | second person feminine singular Strong's 5801: Trade, the place, the payment they exchanged נָתְנ֖וּ (nā·ṯə·nū) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural Strong's 5414: To give, put, set gold, וְזָהָ֔ב (wə·zā·hāḇ) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 2091: Gold, something gold-colored, as oil, a clear sky the finest בְּרֹ֨אשׁ (bə·rōš) Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 7218: The head of all כָּל־ (kāl-) Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every spices, בֹּ֜שֶׂם (bō·śem) Noun - masculine singular Strong's 1314: Fragrance, spicery, the balsam plant and וּבְכָל־ (ū·ḇə·ḵāl) Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every precious יְקָרָה֙ (yə·qā·rāh) Adjective - feminine singular Strong's 3368: Precious, rare, splendid, weighty stones. אֶ֤בֶן (’e·ḇen) Noun - feminine singular Strong's 68: A stone Links Ezekiel 27:22 NIVEzekiel 27:22 NLT Ezekiel 27:22 ESV Ezekiel 27:22 NASB Ezekiel 27:22 KJV Ezekiel 27:22 BibleApps.com Ezekiel 27:22 Biblia Paralela Ezekiel 27:22 Chinese Bible Ezekiel 27:22 French Bible Ezekiel 27:22 Catholic Bible OT Prophets: Ezekiel 27:22 The traffickers of Sheba and Raamah they (Ezek. Eze Ezk) |
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