57. agnóstos
Lexical Summary
agnóstos: Unknown, Unrecognized

Original Word: ἄγνωστος
Part of Speech: Adjective
Transliteration: agnóstos
Pronunciation: ag'-no-stos
Phonetic Spelling: (ag'-noce-tos')
KJV: unknown
NASB: unknown
Word Origin: [from G1 (α - Alpha) (as negative particle) and G1110 (γνωστός - known)]

1. not known, unknown
2. (mentally) ignorant
3. (figuratively) obscure

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
unknown.

From a (as negative particle) and gnostos; unknown -- unknown.

see GREEK a

see GREEK gnostos

NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origin
from alpha (as a neg. prefix) and the same as ginóskó
Definition
unknown
NASB Translation
unknown (1).

Thayer's Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 57: ἄγνωστος

ἄγνωστος, (from Homer down), unknown: Acts 17:23 (cf. B. D. American edition under the word ).

Topical Lexicon
Occurrence in Scripture

Greek number 57 appears one time in the New Testament, in Acts 17:23, where Paul cites an Athenian altar inscribed “TO AN UNKNOWN GOD.”

Historical and Cultural Background

First-century Athens held countless shrines to deities large and small. Greek writers record altars “to unknown gods,” erected either to cover any overlooked deity or to appease a divinity thought to have acted without being identified. Such monuments expressed both religious pluralism and spiritual uncertainty. Paul, steeped in Hebrew revelation that names the one true God (Exodus 3:14; Isaiah 45:5), steps into this vacuum of ignorance to reveal the God who can, in fact, be known.

Paul’s Apologetic Strategy

Acts 17:23: “For as I walked around and observed your objects of worship, I even found an altar with this inscription: TO AN UNKNOWN GOD. Therefore what you worship as something unknown, I now proclaim to you.”

1. Identification: Paul affirms the Athenians’ evident religiosity, earning a hearing without endorsing their idolatry.
2. Connection: By citing their own altar, he bridges from pagan ignorance to biblical revelation, turning a cultural artifact into a gospel foothold.
3. Correction: He replaces conjecture with truth, declaring the Creator who “does not live in temples made by human hands” (Acts 17:24).
4. Confrontation: Ignorance is no longer an excuse; God “now commands all men everywhere to repent” (Acts 17:30).

Theological Significance

1. Revelation over speculation – Humanity gropes after deity (Acts 17:27), yet God graciously initiates self-disclosure (Psalm 19:1-4; Hebrews 1:1-2).
2. Universality of accountability – Even sophisticated cultures remain spiritually “unknown” to the living God until He is proclaimed.
3. Fulfillment in Christ – The “unknown” becomes known in Jesus, “the image of the invisible God” (Colossians 1:15) who makes the Father known (John 1:18).
4. Sovereign providence – God foreordained times and boundaries “so that they would seek Him” (Acts 17:26-27), turning human ignorance into an invitation to salvation.

Implications for Ministry Today

• Engage culture respectfully, recognizing genuine (though misdirected) spiritual hunger.
• Start with common ground—questions, artifacts, or ideals—and move quickly to Scripture’s authoritative revelation.
• Replace vague spirituality with the concrete announcement of the risen Christ (Acts 17:31).
• Call listeners from ignorance to repentance, confident that God “is not far from each one of us” (Acts 17:27).

Related Old Testament Parallels

• Jacob at Bethel (Genesis 28:16-17)—encountering a God previously unrecognized.
• The Philistines with the Ark (1 Samuel 5)—confronted by an unfamiliar yet sovereign God.
• Isaiah’s indictment of idolatry (Isaiah 44:9-20)—humanity’s inability to define the divine.

Connection to Christ

The altar to the “unknown god” foreshadows humanity’s universal need for revelation. Jesus Christ fulfills that need as the definitive self-expression of God, the One who makes the unknown known and the unseen visible (John 14:9).

Summary

Strong’s Greek 57 highlights the chasm between human religious imagination and God’s revealed truth. Paul’s use of the term in Acts 17:23 demonstrates how the gospel confronts ignorance with knowledge, idolatry with revelation, and speculation with certainty in Christ.

Forms and Transliterations
ΑΓΝΩΣΤΩ αγνώστω ἀγνώστῳ αγονος άγονος AGNoSTo AGNŌSTŌ
Links
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Englishman's Concordance
Acts 17:23 Adj-DMS
GRK: ᾧ ἐπεγέγραπτο ΑΓΝΩΣΤΩ ΘΕΩ ὃ
NAS: inscription, 'TO AN UNKNOWN GOD.'
KJV: inscription, TO THE UNKNOWN GOD.
INT: which had been inscribed To an unknown God Whom

Strong's Greek 57
1 Occurrence


ΑΓΝΩΣΤΩ — 1 Occ.

56
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