1949. hum or him

Lexical Summary

hum or him: To make a noise, to murmur, to roar, to be in commotion

Original Word: הוּם
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: huwm
Pronunciation: hoom
Phonetic Spelling: (hoom)
KJV: destroy, move, make a noise, put, ring again
NASB: noisy, resounded, stirred, surely distracted, throw, uproar
Word Origin: [a primitive root]

1. to make an uproar, or agitate greatly

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

destroy, move, make a noise, put, ring again

A primitive root (compare hamam); to make an uproar, or agitate greatly -- destroy, move, make a noise, put, ring again.

see HEBREW hamam

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
a prim. root
Definition
to murmur, roar, defeat in battle
NASB Translation
noisy (1), resounded (1), stirred (1), surely distracted (1), throw (1), uproar (1).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

[הוּם, הִים] verb murmur, roar, discomfit (Arabic (medial ) is rush about madly (literally, or in passion, love, &c.), figurative be distracted; on √ הִים see Hi^{Ps 55:3} Nö^{ZMG 1883, 540}) —

Qal Perfect3masculine singular suffix וְהָמָם consecutive Deuteronomy 7:23 מְהוּמָה גְדֹלָה ׳וְה (׳י subject) and he shall discomfit them (with) a great discomfiture (according to Di ׳וה is from הָמַם, here pointed as עו֞ because of מְהוּמָה; but see Kö^{i. 486 & references}); here, according to Nö^l.c., belongs Imperfect1singular cohortative אָהִ֫ימָה (i. e. √ עי֞) Psalm 55:3 am driven about (Hi De), or distracted.

Niph`al Imperfect3feminine singular וַתֵּהֹם 1 Samuel 4:5 2t. (on form compare Ges^{§ 72} R 5); be in a stir, of a city Ruth 1:19 (followed by על over, on account of, 1 Kings 1:45; of ground re-echoing shout 1 Samuel 4:5.

Hiph`il Imperfect1singular אָהִ֑ימָה Psalm 55:3 shew disquietude (so most, compare above); but Ol Che וְאֶהֱמָ֑וָה ( Psalm 77:4); Lag^{Proph. Chald. xlviii. 2, BN 27} אֶהֱמֶה (Psalm 18); 3 feminine plural תְּהִימֶנָה (?תֶּהֱמֶינָה) Micah 2:12 they (i.e. fold & pasture) shall murmur with men.

Topical Lexicon

Overview of Semantic Field

The verb הוּם depicts an audible or emotional stirring—ranging from thunderous civic celebration to the muffled agitation of an anxious heart. Its five appearances sweep across narrative, poetry, and prophecy, tethering outward commotion to inner unrest.

Contexts of Communal Uproar

1. Ruth 1:19 portrays a village suddenly “stirred” when Naomi re-enters Bethlehem, illustrating how covenant faithfulness can disrupt the ordinary rhythms of life.
2. In 1 Samuel 4:5 the entire Israelite army raises such a shout at the Ark’s arrival that “the ground shook,” revealing that genuine confidence in the presence of the LORD may move both earth and people.
3. At Solomon’s enthronement (1 Kings 1:45) the rejoicing populace causes the city “to be in an uproar,” signalling national affirmation of David’s chosen successor and safeguarding the messianic line.

These scenes share three traits: a unifying cause, a volume that cannot be ignored, and theological importance—each uproar marks a decisive covenantal turning point.

Inner Turmoil of the Individual

Psalm 55:2 transfers the word from streets to soul: “I am restless in my complaint, and distraught.” David’s private agitation mirrors the public tumult of earlier texts, underscoring that the same God who directs national destiny also meets personal disquiet. Prayer reshapes inner upheaval into confident trust (Psalm 55:22).

Prophetic Hope and Eschatological Gathering

Micah 2:12 anticipates a day when the LORD gathers His scattered people “like sheep in a fold… a noisy throng of men.” The future congregation will resound with life, not lament, converting past exile into unified celebration. הוּם thus becomes an acoustic pledge of restoration.

Redemptive-Historical Patterns

• Presence: The Ark’s arrival shakes the camp; God’s nearness is never silent.
• Kingship: Solomon’s anointing elicits uproar, pre-figuring the greater Son of David whose entry into Jerusalem provoked similar acclaim (Matthew 21:9).
• Return: Naomi’s homecoming and Micah’s regathering foresee the ultimate ingathering of all who belong to Christ (Ephesians 1:10).
• Prayer: The psalmist’s turmoil teaches believers to entrust every agitation to the LORD who “hears the tumult” (Psalm 65:7).

Theological Reflections

1. Sovereign Orchestration: God employs both joyous shouts and anxious groans to advance His purposes.
2. Communal Sensitivity: Spiritual movements often register first as collective “noise”; attentive leadership will interpret, not suppress, such stirrings.
3. Holistic Care: Scripture refuses to separate societal events from individual hearts; both fall under divine concern.

Practical Ministry Implications

• Discern the Source: Test whether contemporary uproars exalt God’s presence (like 1 Samuel 4) or merely echo human enthusiasm.
• Shepherd the Agitated: Psalm 55 authorizes honest lament and models how to shepherd souls from restless complaint to surrendered confidence.
• Celebrate Redemption: Encourage congregational praise that anticipates the Micah 2:12 gathering—loud, unified, centered on the Shepherd.

Christological and New Testament Resonances

The triumphal entry, Pentecost’s “sound like a mighty rushing wind,” and the thunderous worship scenes in Revelation all echo הוּם. Each affirms that in Jesus Christ, the full range of holy commotion—public acclaim and private groaning—finds resolution and purpose.

Forms and Transliterations

וְאָהִֽימָה׃ וַתֵּהֹ֖ם וַתֵּהֹ֤ם ואהימה׃ ותהם תְּהִימֶ֖נָה תהימנה tə·hî·me·nāh tehiMenah təhîmenāh vatteHom veaHimah wat·tê·hōm wattêhōm wə’āhîmāh wə·’ā·hî·māh

Englishman's Concordance

Ruth 1:19
HEB: בֵּ֣ית לֶ֔חֶם וַתֵּהֹ֤ם כָּל־ הָעִיר֙
NAS: the city was stirred because
KJV: that all the city was moved about them, and they said,
INT: had come to Bethlehem was stirred all the city

1 Samuel 4:5
HEB: תְּרוּעָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֑ה וַתֵּהֹ֖ם הָאָֽרֶץ׃
NAS: shout, so that the earth resounded.
KJV: shout, so that the earth rang again.
INT: shout A great resounded the earth

1 Kings 1:45
HEB: מִשָּׁם֙ שְׂמֵחִ֔ים וַתֵּהֹ֖ם הַקִּרְיָ֑ה ה֥וּא
NAS: so that the city is in an uproar. This
KJV: so that the city rang again. This [is] the noise
INT: there rejoicing an uproar the city This

Psalm 55:2
HEB: אָרִ֖יד בְּשִׂיחִ֣י וְאָהִֽימָה׃
NAS: in my complaint and am surely distracted,
KJV: in my complaint, and make a noise;
INT: I am restless my complaint surely

Micah 2:12
HEB: בְּת֣וֹךְ הַדָּֽבְר֔וֹ תְּהִימֶ֖נָה מֵאָדָֽם׃
NAS: of its pasture They will be noisy with men.
KJV: of their fold: they shall make great noise by reason of [the multitude of] men.
INT: the midst pasture will be noisy men

5 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 1949
5 Occurrences

tə·hî·me·nāh — 1 Occ.
wat·tê·hōm — 3 Occ.
wə·’ā·hî·māh — 1 Occ.