Lexical Summary Lud: Lud Original Word: לוּד Strong's Exhaustive Concordance Lud, Lydia Probably of foreign derivation; Lud, the name of two nations -- Lud, Lydia. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originprobably of foreign origin Definition a son of Shem, also his desc. and their land NASB Translation Lud (5). Brown-Driver-Briggs לוּד, לוּדִים proper name, masculine and of a people 1 Lud, Lydia, Assyrian Luddu: — אַרְמַּכְשַׁד וְלוּד וַאֲרָם Genesis 10:22 = 1 Chronicles 1:17 ᵐ5 Λουδ. 2 apparently a people in northeast Africa תַּרְשִׁישׁ מּוּל וְלוּד Isaiah 66:19, ᵐ5 Λουδ; ׳וּפוּט מָּרַס וְל Ezekiel 27:10; כּוּשׁ וּפוּט וְלוּד Ezekiel 30:5 ( + לוּב q. v.), in both ᵐ5 Λ(ο)υδοι; also plural לוּדִים a 'son' of Misraim, Genesis 10:13 ᵐ5 Λυδιειμ ("" לְהָבִים) = 1 Chronicles 1:11 (לוּדִי֯יםׅ; Jeremiah 46:9 ("" מּוּט, כּוּשׁ) see לוּב above — On this African לוּד see DiGenesis 10:13, opposed to StaJavan 5 ff. compare WMMAs.Eur.115. Topical Lexicon Genealogical Identity Lud is introduced in the Table of Nations as a direct son of Shem (Genesis 10:22; 1 Chronicles 1:17). His placement among Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, and Aram locates him firmly within the Semitic line that Scripture sets apart for its redemptive focus. Through Lud the Lord displays the breadth of Shem’s posterity, reaching far beyond the land of Israel and foreshadowing His purpose to bless “all the families of the earth” (compare Genesis 12:3). Geographical Considerations While the text never pinpoints Lud’s territory, later prophetic books place the people in the company of Mediterranean and North-African powers (Ezekiel 27:10; 30:5). Ancient sources suggest a connection with Lydia in western Asia Minor, famous for skilled archers; others tie the name to northern Africa through the related term “Ludim.” Scripture’s own grouping of Lud with Persia, Put, Cush, and Libya favors a trans-Mediterranean location that interacted freely with Egypt and the Near East. The weight of the biblical data shows a Semitic origin that expanded westward, demonstrating how rapidly the post-Flood families spread across the known world. Military Reputation Isaiah and Ezekiel portray Lud as a people of war. Isaiah 66:19 speaks of “Lud (who draw the bow),” while Ezekiel 27:10 names them among the mercenaries who gave commercial Tyre its “splendor.” Ezekiel 30:5 lists them among allies of Egypt doomed to “fall by the sword.” Archery and mercenary service form the chief biblical profile of Lud. Their martial expertise illustrates the rise of specialized warfare in the ancient world and provides a backdrop for prophetic oracles in which the Lord rules over every army, whether covenantal or foreign. Prophetic Significance 1. Judgment: In Ezekiel 30 the fall of Lud alongside Egypt underscores the certainty of divine retribution on proud nations. Theological and Ministry Reflections • God’s Sovereignty over the Nations The trajectory from Genesis genealogy to prophetic judgment and missionary hope demonstrates that no nation lies outside God’s redemptive storyline. The Lord both raises up and brings low, employing even foreign armies to accomplish His purposes. • Evangelistic Implications Isaiah’s inclusion of Lud in the end-time mission encourages believers to engage unreached, sometimes militant cultures with confidence that God has already written them into His plan. The conversion of antagonistic peoples magnifies the power of the gospel (Romans 1:16). • Unity of Scripture The consistency with which Lud appears—from Mosaic history to post-exilic prophecy—illustrates Scripture’s seamless narrative. What begins as a name in a genealogy blossoms into a fully developed people group woven into God’s judgments and promises. • Warning against Worldly Alliances Egypt’s collapse drags Lud down with it (Ezekiel 30:5), reminding readers that reliance on earthly might rather than the Lord invites ruin. Churches and believers must guard against forming strategic partnerships that compromise faithfulness to God’s covenant. Summary Lud stands as a Semitic people renowned for archery, entwined with major empires, judged for their alliances, yet ultimately counted among the nations destined to hear the glory of God. Their account urges the church to trust God’s dominion over history, to proclaim the gospel fearlessly across cultural and military barriers, and to await the day when “the kingdoms of the world become the kingdom of our Lord and of His Christ” (Revelation 11:15). Forms and Transliterations וְל֛וּד וְל֣וּד וְל֤וּד וְל֥וּד וְלוּד֙ ולוד veLud wə·lūḏ wəlūḏLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Genesis 10:22 HEB: וְאַשּׁ֑וּר וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁ֖ד וְל֥וּד וַֽאֲרָֽם׃ NAS: and Arpachshad and Lud and Aram. KJV: and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram. INT: and Asshur and Arpachshad and Lud and Aram 1 Chronicles 1:17 Isaiah 66:19 Ezekiel 27:10 Ezekiel 30:5 5 Occurrences |
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