Lexical Summary mirmas: Trampling, treading, trodden Original Word: מִרְמָס Strong's Exhaustive Concordance tread down, to be trodden down under foot From ramac; abasement (the act or the thing) -- tread (down)-ing, (to be) trodden (down) under foot. see HEBREW ramac NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom ramas Definition trampling place, trampling NASB Translation trample (1), trample down (1), trampled (1), trampled down (1), trampled ground (1), trampling (1), tread down (1), what you tread down (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs מִרְמָס noun [masculine] trampling-place, trampling; — absolute ׳מ Micah 7:10 +, מִרְמַס (Köii.1, 96) Isaiah 10:6; construct מִרְמַס Isaiah 7:25; Ezekiel 34:19; — 1 trampling-place, שֶׂה ׳מ Isaiah 7:25 ("" מִשְׁלַח), רַגְלֵיכֶם ׳מ Ezekiel 34:19 (figurative). 2 trampling, ׳וְהָיָה לְמ Isaiah 5:5 it shall become a trampling, be trampled down, so Micah 7:10; Isaiah 28:18 והייתם לו למרמס, compare Isaiah 10:6; Daniel 8:13. Topical Lexicon Overview מִרְמָס appears seven times in the prophetic books, always in scenes of feet grinding something underfoot. Each passage uses the notion of trampling to portray divine judgment, human arrogance, or the profanation of the sacred. The vocabulary of crushing conveys both the certainty of God’s verdict and the humiliating fate of whatever is trampled. Occurrences and Contexts 1. Isaiah 5:5 – Within the “song of the vineyard,” the hedge is removed so the vineyard becomes “a place of trampling.” What was planted for fruit now lies exposed to ruin because of covenant unfaithfulness. Theological Themes • Judgment on Covenant Violation: In Isaiah 5 and 28, trampling pictures the inevitable outcome of spurning God’s covenant love: blessing is turned to desolation. Historical Background In Isaiah and Micah the backdrop is eighth-century Assyrian expansion. Fields laid waste by invading armies became literal trampling grounds. Daniel 8 looks ahead to the second century B.C. oppression under Antiochus, whose troops overran Jerusalem and halted sacrifice. Ezekiel 34 addresses the chaotic leadership during the Babylonian exile, when selfish shepherds exploited the helpless. Prophetic Imagery Prophets often draw from agrarian life—vineyards, threshing floors, pathways—to make judgment vivid. Trampling evokes: Such imagery intensifies the call to repentance. Christological and Eschatological Echoes Revelation 14:20 portrays the winepress of God’s wrath, amplifying Isaiah’s vineyard song and Daniel’s desecration theme. The Messiah who “treads the winepress of the fury of the wrath of God” (Revelation 19:15) fulfills the prophetic longing for final justice. Conversely, believers are promised deliverance from trampling in Luke 21:24, where “Jerusalem will be trodden down by the Gentiles until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.” Practical Ministry Implications • Preaching: Trampling scenes warn against complacency and highlight the seriousness of sin. They call congregations to trust the Lord’s righteous judgments rather than political alliances or human strength. Conclusion מִרְמָס gathers prophetic texts into one solemn chord: what is trampled lies under an inescapable verdict, yet God remains just and ultimately vindicates His own. The motif challenges every generation to heed the warnings, trust His sovereignty, and live in holiness as they await the day when all trampling ceases under the righteous feet of Christ. Forms and Transliterations וּלְמִרְמַ֖ס ולמרמס לְמִרְמָ֖ס לְמִרְמָֽס׃ למרמס למרמס׃ מִרְמַ֤ס מִרְמָ֖ס מִרְמָֽס׃ מרמס מרמס׃ lə·mir·mās lemirMas ləmirmās mir·mas mir·mās mirmas mirmās ū·lə·mir·mas ulemirMas ūləmirmasLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Isaiah 5:5 HEB: גְּדֵר֖וֹ וְהָיָ֥ה לְמִרְמָֽס׃ NAS: and it will become trampled ground. KJV: the wall thereof, and it shall be trodden down: INT: wall will become trampled Isaiah 7:25 Isaiah 10:6 Isaiah 28:18 Ezekiel 34:19 Daniel 8:13 Micah 7:10 7 Occurrences |