What attitudes does Jesus address in Matthew 5:21 beyond the physical act of murder? The Expanded Command: Matthew 5:21–22 “You have heard that it was said to the ancients, ‘Do not murder,’ and ‘Anyone who murders will be subject to judgment.’ But I tell you that anyone who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to his brother, ‘Raca,’ will be subject to the Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, ‘You fool!’ will be subject to the fire of hell.” Attitudes Jesus Confronts Beyond Murder • Anger that simmers within: the inner emotion standing at the root of violent acts (cf. Ephesians 4:26–27). • Contemptuous dismissal (“Raca”): an insulting word that devalues another as empty-headed, treating them as worthless. • Open verbal abuse (“You fool!”): character assassination that slanders a person’s moral and spiritual worth. • Hidden hatred and bitterness: long-term resentment that nurtures hostility (1 John 3:15). • Unresolved relational conflict: staying estranged or indifferent when reconciliation is possible (vv. 23–24). Why These Heart-Level Sins Matter • They violate the sixth commandment’s intent by attacking God’s image in others (Genesis 9:6). • They invite divine judgment just as surely as the outward act of murder. • They fracture fellowship—first with people, then with God (1 John 4:20). • They nurture environments where violence can eventually emerge (James 4:1-2). The Call to Reconciliation (Matthew 5:23–24) • Leave the gift at the altar—worship is hindered when relationships are broken. • Seek out the offended person—take initiative, even if the offense feels small. • Make peace quickly—delay deepens anger and gives the devil a foothold (Ephesians 4:31-32). Walking This Out Today • Check the heart daily: ask the Spirit to expose simmering anger or contempt. • Guard the tongue: refuse sarcasm or labels that demean (Proverbs 18:21). • Pursue swift apologies: keep short accounts, restoring fellowship promptly. • Cultivate love: actively bless those who irritate or wrong you (Romans 12:14, 17-21). |
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