What is the meaning of 1 Samuel 20:13?

But if my father intends to bring evil on you

• Jonathan recognizes the real possibility that Saul’s heart may once again turn violently against David (1 Samuel 18:10–11; 19:1, 10).

• He places David’s safety above his own royal prospects, revealing covenant loyalty (1 Samuel 20:8, 16–17).

• The phrase underscores Jonathan’s honesty: he is not blinded by family loyalty, but wants truth to govern his actions (Proverbs 27:6; Ephesians 4:25).

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then may the LORD punish me, and ever so severely

• Jonathan binds himself with a solemn self-maledictory oath, inviting God’s judgment if he fails (Ruth 1:17; 2 Samuel 3:35).

• This underscores the seriousness of covenant promises; divine accountability keeps them from becoming empty words (Numbers 30:2; Matthew 5:33–37).

• The intensity (“ever so severely”) shows Jonathan’s fear of offending a holy God more than displeasing his earthly father (Acts 5:29).

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if I do not tell you and send you on your way in safety

• Jonathan’s responsibility is twofold: inform David of Saul’s intent and ensure David’s safe departure (1 Samuel 20:21–22, 35–42).

• His plan reflects wisdom: act quickly, communicate clearly, and protect the innocent (Proverbs 22:3; Matthew 10:23).

• The phrase “in safety” reminds us that preserving life is a godly priority (Psalm 82:4; John 10:11).

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May the LORD be with you, just as He has been with my father

• Jonathan pronounces a blessing, acknowledging the Lord’s past faithfulness to Saul (1 Samuel 11:6–13; 14:47–48) and asking it to rest on David’s future.

• He indirectly concedes David’s coming kingship; God’s presence is the key requirement for leadership (Joshua 1:5; 1 Samuel 18:14; 2 Samuel 7:9).

• By linking David to Saul’s early successes, Jonathan highlights continuity in God’s covenant purposes despite human failure (1 Samuel 13:13–14; 16:1).

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summary

Jonathan pledges, under oath, to protect David by exposing any murderous intent Saul may harbor. He takes personal responsibility, invites divine judgment if he fails, and sends David away in peace. Finally, he blesses David with the Lord’s abiding presence, recognizing that the same God who once empowered Saul now stands ready to guide David’s future.