The prudent
The Hebrew word for "prudent" is "עָרוּם" (arum), which conveys a sense of shrewdness, wisdom, and foresight. In the biblical context, prudence is not merely about being cautious but involves a deep understanding and discernment that comes from a reverent relationship with God. The prudent person is one who applies wisdom to foresee potential dangers and acts accordingly. This wisdom is a gift from God, as seen throughout the Proverbs, and is rooted in the fear of the Lord (Proverbs 9:10).

see danger
The phrase "see danger" implies an ability to perceive threats or risks that are not immediately obvious. The Hebrew word "רָאָה" (ra'ah) means to see or perceive. This perception is not just physical sight but an insight that comes from understanding and experience. In the biblical narrative, this kind of sight is often associated with spiritual awareness and discernment, allowing the prudent to recognize moral and spiritual pitfalls.

and take cover
The action of "take cover" is derived from the Hebrew "סָתַר" (satar), meaning to hide or conceal oneself. This reflects a proactive response to perceived danger. In the ancient Near Eastern context, taking cover could mean seeking refuge in a fortified city or under the protection of a strong leader. Spiritually, it suggests seeking refuge in God, who is often described as a fortress and shield (Psalm 18:2). The prudent person not only sees danger but also takes deliberate steps to protect themselves, aligning with the biblical principle of seeking God's protection.

but the simple
The term "simple" comes from the Hebrew "פֶּתִי" (pethi), which refers to someone who is naive or lacking in judgment. In Proverbs, the simple are often contrasted with the wise or prudent. They are not necessarily foolish by choice but are inexperienced and easily led astray. The simple lack the discernment to see beyond the immediate and are often swayed by appearances or emotions rather than truth and wisdom.

keep going
The phrase "keep going" suggests a continuation on a path without regard for the potential consequences. The Hebrew "עָבַר" (avar) means to pass over or go through. This implies a lack of reflection or consideration, a characteristic of the simple who do not pause to assess their situation. In the biblical context, this can be seen as a metaphor for spiritual complacency or stubbornness, where one ignores the warnings and guidance provided by God.

and suffer the consequences
"Suffer the consequences" is a translation of the Hebrew "עָנַשׁ" (anash), meaning to be punished or to bear a penalty. This phrase highlights the inevitable outcome of ignoring wisdom and prudence. In the biblical worldview, actions have consequences, and the simple, by failing to heed warnings, bring suffering upon themselves. This serves as a moral lesson within Proverbs, emphasizing the importance of wisdom and the fear of the Lord as a foundation for a life that avoids unnecessary suffering.

1. The Prudent
This refers to individuals who are wise, discerning, and able to foresee potential dangers or challenges. In the Hebrew text, the word used is (arum), which implies shrewdness or craftiness in a positive sense.

2. The Simple
These are individuals who lack foresight and discernment. The Hebrew word (pethi) suggests naivety or simplicity, often leading to poor decision-making.

3. Danger
This represents any form of threat, risk, or adverse situation that one might encounter in life. It is not a specific event but a general concept of potential harm.

4. Taking Cover
This action signifies the response of the prudent to avoid or mitigate danger. It involves making wise decisions to protect oneself.

5. Suffering the Consequences
This is the result of the simple ignoring danger, leading to negative outcomes or harm.The Value of Prudence
Prudence is a valuable trait that allows individuals to foresee potential dangers and take appropriate actions to avoid them. It is a form of wisdom that is highly esteemed in Scripture.

Consequences of Simplicity
Ignoring potential dangers due to naivety or lack of discernment can lead to suffering and negative outcomes. It is crucial to develop discernment to navigate life's challenges.

Seeking Wisdom
Believers are encouraged to seek wisdom from God, who provides generously. This wisdom helps in making prudent decisions and avoiding unnecessary harm.

Practical Foresight
In daily life, being aware of potential risks and planning accordingly is a practical application of this proverb. It involves being proactive rather than reactive.

Spiritual Discernment
Beyond physical dangers, spiritual discernment is necessary to avoid moral and spiritual pitfalls. This involves being attuned to the Holy Spirit's guidance.(3) A prudent man foreseeth the evil, and hideth himself, as the Israelites hid themselves within their houses from the destroying angel, Noah within the Ark, the Christians before the fall of Jerusalem (Luke 21:21) in Pella. (Comp. Isaiah 26:20.)

Verse 3. - A prudent man foresesth the evil, and hideth himself. The whole verse is repeated in Proverbs 27:12. St. Jerome has callidus, and the LXX. has πανοῦργος, as the translation of עָרוּם (arum); but it must be taken in a good sense, as cautions, farseeing, prudent (see note on Proverbs 1:4) Such a man looks around, takes warning from little circumstances which might escape the observation of careless persons, and provides for his safety in good time. Thus the Christians at the siege of Jerusalem, believing Christ's warnings, retired to Pella, and wine saved. A Spanish proverb runs, "That which the fool does in the end, the wise man does at the beginning." The simple pass on, and are punished. The subject of the former hemistich is in the singular number, for a really prudent man is a comparatively rare bring; the second clause is plural, teaching us, as Hitzig observes, that many simple ones are found for one prudent. These silly persons, blundering blindly on their way, without circumspection or forethought, meet with immediate punishment, incur dangers, suffer less. A Cornish proverb runs, "He who will not be ruled by the rudder must be ruled by the rock." Septuagint, "An intelligent man (πανοῦργος) seeing a wicked man punished is himself forcibly instructed; but fools pass by, and are punished" (comp. Proverbs 21:11).

Parallel Commentaries ...


The prudent
עָר֤וּם ׀ (‘ā·rūm)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 6175: Crafty, shrewd, sensible

see
רָאָ֣ה (rā·’āh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7200: To see

danger
רָעָ֣ה (rā·‘āh)
Adjective - feminine singular
Strong's 7451: Bad, evil

and take cover,
וְנִסְתָּ֑ר (wə·nis·tār)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5641: To hide, conceal

but the simple
וּ֝פְתָיִ֗ים (ū·p̄ə·ṯā·yîm)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 6612: Simple, perhaps open-minded

keep going
עָבְר֥וּ (‘ā·ḇə·rū)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 5674: To pass over, through, or by, pass on

and suffer the consequences.
וְֽנֶעֱנָֽשׁוּ׃ (wə·ne·‘ĕ·nā·šū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Conjunctive perfect - third person common plural
Strong's 6064: To urge, to inflict a, penalty, to fine


Proverbs 22:3 NIV
Proverbs 22:3 NLT
Proverbs 22:3 ESV
Proverbs 22:3 NASB
Proverbs 22:3 KJV

Proverbs 22:3 BibleApps.com
Proverbs 22:3 Biblia Paralela
Proverbs 22:3 Chinese Bible
Proverbs 22:3 French Bible
Proverbs 22:3 Catholic Bible

OT Poetry: Proverbs 22:3 A prudent man sees danger and hides (Prov. Pro Pr)