2 Chronicles 4:3
Below the rim, figures of oxen encircled it, ten per cubit all the way around the Sea, cast in two rows as a part of the Sea.
Below the rim,

Below the rim: Decorative oxen were placed beneath the upper edge of the great bronze basin, visible around its exterior.

Ezk 43:13 These are the measurements of the altar in long cubits…
Exo 25:25 And make a rim around it a handbreadth wide…

figures of oxen encircled it,

The oxen reflected strength and service, fitting symbols for a vessel associated with the priests’ cleansing before their Temple duties.

1Ki 7:25 The Sea stood on twelve oxen, three facing north,…
1Ki 7:44 the Sea; the twelve oxen underneath the Sea;

ten per cubit all the way around the Sea,

The repeated pattern formed a carefully ordered band around the basin, with ten per cubit (roughly 18 inches or 45 centimeters), displaying the skill involved in Solomon’s Temple furnishings.

1Ki 7:23 He also made the Sea of cast metal. It was circular…
Pro 8:27 I was there when He established the heavens,…

cast in two rows

The decorations were formed with the Sea itself rather than added afterward, giving the massive vessel a unified design.

1Ki 7:24 Below the rim, ornamental buds encircled it…
Exo 25:18 Make two cherubim of hammered gold at the ends…

as a part of the Sea.

The Sea served the priesthood’s ceremonial washing, and its craftsmanship reflected the holiness and permanence of the Temple service.

2Ki 16:17 King Ahaz also cut off the frames of the movable stands…
Ezk 1:10 The form of their faces was that of a man…
Rev 4:7 The first living creature was like a lion,…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Solomon
The king of Israel who commissioned the building of the temple, including the crafting of the "Sea" or large basin described in this verse.

2. The Temple
The holy place in Jerusalem where the Israelites worshiped God, built by Solomon as a permanent dwelling place for the Ark of the Covenant.

3. The Sea
A large basin used in the temple for ceremonial washing, symbolizing purification and the cleansing power of God.

4. Oxen
Symbolic figures cast around the Sea, representing strength and service, often associated with sacrifice and labor in biblical symbolism.

5. Hiram of Tyre
The skilled craftsman who assisted Solomon in the construction of the temple, including the casting of the Sea and its decorations.
Teaching Points
Symbolism of Purity and Cleansing
The Sea represents the necessity of purification before approaching God. Just as the priests needed to wash before serving, we must seek spiritual cleansing through Christ.

Strength and Service
The oxen symbolize strength and service. As believers, we are called to serve God with strength and dedication, offering our lives as living sacrifices.

Craftsmanship and Excellence
The detailed craftsmanship of the Sea reflects the importance of offering our best to God. In our work and worship, we should strive for excellence as an act of devotion.

God's Provision and Abundance
The abundance of oxen figures around the Sea signifies God's provision. We can trust in God's abundant resources to equip us for His service.

The Role of Community in Worship
The construction of the temple involved many skilled workers, highlighting the importance of community and collaboration in building God's kingdom.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the symbolism of the Sea in Solomon's temple relate to the concept of spiritual cleansing in the New Testament?

2. In what ways can we demonstrate strength and service in our daily lives, following the example of the oxen around the Sea?

3. How can we apply the principle of offering our best to God in our personal and professional lives?

4. What are some ways we can rely on God's provision and abundance in times of need?

5. How can we foster a sense of community and collaboration in our local church or ministry, similar to the teamwork seen in the construction of the temple?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 30:17-21
This passage describes the bronze basin used for washing by the priests, which parallels the purpose of the Sea in Solomon's temple.

1 Kings 7:23-26
Provides a parallel account of the construction of the Sea, offering additional details about its dimensions and design.

Revelation 4:6
Describes a sea of glass before the throne of God, symbolizing purity and holiness, which can be seen as a heavenly counterpart to the earthly Sea in the temple.
Acceptable WorshipW. Clarkson 2 Chronicles 4:1-6
The Furniture of the Holy CourtJ. Wolfendale.2 Chronicles 4:1-10
The Molten SeaHomiletical Commentary2 Chronicles 4:1-10
People
Huram, Solomon
Places
Jordan River, Most Holy Place, Succoth, Zeredah
Topics
Bulls, Cast, Circling, Compass, Compassing, Cubit, Cubits, Design, Encircled, Encircling, Enclosing, Encompassed, Encompassing, Entirely, Figures, Flowers, Gourds, Likeness, Lines, Liquid, Metal, Oxen, Piece, Rim, Round, Rows, Similitude, Ten, Thirty, Water-vessel
Dictionary of Bible Themes
2 Chronicles 4:3

     5516   sculpture

2 Chronicles 4:1-22

     5207   architecture

2 Chronicles 4:2-6

     5272   craftsmen

2 Chronicles 4:3-4

     4615   bull

Library
The First Part
Of the Apocalyptical Commentaries, according to the Rule of the Apocalyptical Key, on the First Prophecy which is contained in the Seals and Trumpets; with an Introduction concerning the Scene of the Apocalypse. As it is my design to investigate the meaning of the Apocalyptical visions, it is requisite for me to treat, in the first place, of that celestial theatre to which John was called, in order to behold them, exhibited as on a stage, and afterwards of the prophecies in succession, examined by
Joseph Mede—A Key to the Apocalypse

Sanctification.
VI. Objections answered. I will consider those passages of scripture which are by some supposed to contradict the doctrine we have been considering. 1 Kings viii. 46: "If they sin against thee, (for there is no man that sinneth not,) and thou be angry with them, and deliver them to the enemy, so that they carry them away captives unto the land of the enemy, far or near," etc. On this passage, I remark:-- 1. That this sentiment in nearly the same language, is repeated in 2 Chron. vi. 26, and in Eccl.
Charles Grandison Finney—Systematic Theology

Chronicles
The comparative indifference with which Chronicles is regarded in modern times by all but professional scholars seems to have been shared by the ancient Jewish church. Though written by the same hand as wrote Ezra-Nehemiah, and forming, together with these books, a continuous history of Judah, it is placed after them in the Hebrew Bible, of which it forms the concluding book; and this no doubt points to the fact that it attained canonical distinction later than they. Nor is this unnatural. The book
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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