2 Chronicles 4:4
New International Version
The Sea stood on twelve bulls, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south and three facing east. The Sea rested on top of them, and their hindquarters were toward the center.

New Living Translation
The Sea was placed on a base of twelve bronze oxen, all facing outward. Three faced north, three faced west, three faced south, and three faced east, and the Sea rested on them.

English Standard Version
It stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east. The sea was set on them, and all their rear parts were inward.

Berean Standard Bible
The Sea stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east. The Sea rested on them, with all their hindquarters toward the center.

King James Bible
It stood upon twelve oxen, three looking toward the north, and three looking toward the west, and three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east: and the sea was set above upon them, and all their hinder parts were inward.

New King James Version
It stood on twelve oxen: three looking toward the north, three looking toward the west, three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east; the Sea was set upon them, and all their back parts pointed inward.

New American Standard Bible
It was standing on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east; and the Sea was set on top of them and all their hindquarters turned inward.

NASB 1995
It stood on twelve oxen, three facing the north, three facing west, three facing south and three facing east; and the sea was set on top of them and all their hindquarters turned inwards.

NASB 1977
It stood on twelve oxen, three facing the north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east; and the sea was set on top of them, and all their hindquarters turned inwards.

Legacy Standard Bible
It stood on twelve oxen, three facing the north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east; and the sea was set on top of them, and all their rear parts turned inward.

Amplified Bible
It stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, three facing east; and the Sea was set on top of them and all their hindquarters turned inward.

Christian Standard Bible
It stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east. The basin was on top of them and all their hindquarters were toward the center.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
It stood on 12 oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east. The reservoir was on top of them and all their hindquarters were toward the center.

American Standard Version
It stood upon twelve oxen, three looking toward the north, and three looking toward the west, and three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east: and the sea was set upon them above, and all their hinder parts were inward.

Contemporary English Version
The bowl itself sat on top of twelve bronze bulls, with three bulls facing outward in each of four directions.

English Revised Version
It stood upon twelve oxen, three looking toward the north, and three looking toward the west, and three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east: and the sea was set upon them above, and all their hinder parts were inward.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
The pool was set on 12 metal bulls. Three bulls faced north, three faced west, three faced south, and three faced east. The pool was set on them, and their hindquarters were toward the center [of the pool].

Good News Translation
The tank rested on the backs of twelve bronze bulls that faced outward, three facing in each direction.

International Standard Version
The sea stood on top of twelve oxen, three of which faced to the north, three of which faced to the west, three of which faced to the south, and three of which faced toward the east. The sea was placed on top of the oxen, with all of their hindquarters turned inwards.

Majority Standard Bible
The Sea stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east. The Sea rested on them, with all their hindquarters toward the center.

NET Bible
"The Sea" stood on top of twelve bulls. Three faced northward, three westward, three southward, and three eastward. "The Sea" was placed on top of them, and they all faced outward.

New Heart English Bible
It stood on twelve oxen, three looking toward the north, and three looking toward the west, and three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east: and the sea was set on them above, and all their backs were toward the center.

Webster's Bible Translation
It stood upon twelve oxen, three looking towards the north, and three looking towards the west, and three looking towards the south, and three looking towards the east: and the sea was set above upon them, and all their hinder parts were inward.

World English Bible
It stood on twelve oxen, three looking toward the north, three looking toward the west, three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east; and the sea was set on them above, and all their hindquarters were inward.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
It is standing on twelve oxen, three facing the north, and three facing the west, and three facing the south, and three facing the east, and the sea [is] on them above, and all their back parts [are] within.

Young's Literal Translation
It is standing on twelve oxen, three facing the north, and three facing the west, and three facing the south, and three facing the east, and the sea is upon them above, and all their hinder parts are within.

Smith's Literal Translation
Standing upon twelve oxen, three looking to the north, and three looking to the sea, and three looking to the south, and three looking to the sunrising: and the sea upon them from above, and all their back parts within.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And the oxen were cast: and the sea itself was set upon the twelve oxen, three of which looked toward the north, and other three toward the west: and other three toward the south, and the other three that remained toward the east, and the sea stood upon them: and the hinder parts of the oxen were in- ward under the sea.

Catholic Public Domain Version
And the sea itself was placed upon the twelve oxen, three of which were looking toward the north, and another three toward the west, then another three toward the south, and the three that remained toward the east, having the sea imposed upon them. But the posteriors of the oxen were toward the interior, under the sea.

New American Bible
This rested on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east, with their haunches all toward the center; upon them was set the sea.

New Revised Standard Version
It stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east; the sea was set on them. The hindquarters of each were toward the inside.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And the thickness of it was a handbreadth, and its brim was round like the brim of a cup, very beautiful.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And it stood on twelve oxen, three facing the north, and three facing to the south, and three facing the west, and three facing to the east, and the sea over them from above and all their hind quarters on the inside.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
It stood upon twelve oxen, three looking toward the north, and three looking toward the west, and three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east; and the sea was set upon them above, and all their hinder parts were inward.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
wherein they made them twelve calves, - three looking northwards, and three westwards, and three southwards, and three eastwards: and the sea was upon them above, and their hinder parts were inward.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Bronze Altar and Molten Sea
3Below the rim, figures of oxen encircled it, ten per cubit all the way around the Sea, cast in two rows as a part of the Sea. 4The Sea stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east. The Sea rested on them, with all their hindquarters toward the center. 5It was a handbreadth thick, and its rim was fashioned like the brim of a cup, like a lily blossom. It could hold three thousand baths.…

Cross References
1 Kings 7:25
The Sea stood on twelve oxen, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east. The Sea rested on them, with all their hindquarters toward the center.

Exodus 25:18-20
Make two cherubim of hammered gold at the ends of the mercy seat, / one cherub on one end and one on the other, all made from one piece of gold. / And the cherubim are to have wings that spread upward, overshadowing the mercy seat. The cherubim are to face each other, looking toward the mercy seat.

Revelation 4:6-7
And before the throne was something like a sea of glass, as clear as crystal. In the center, around the throne, were four living creatures, covered with eyes in front and back. / The first living creature was like a lion, the second like a calf, the third had a face like a man, and the fourth was like an eagle in flight.

Ezekiel 1:10
The form of their faces was that of a man, and each of the four had the face of a lion on the right side, the face of an ox on the left side, and also the face of an eagle.

Numbers 7:89
When Moses entered the Tent of Meeting to speak with the LORD, he heard the voice speaking to him from between the two cherubim above the mercy seat on the ark of the Testimony. Thus the LORD spoke to him.

1 Kings 6:23-28
In the inner sanctuary he made two cherubim, each ten cubits high, out of olive wood. / One wing of the first cherub was five cubits long, and the other wing was five cubits long as well. So the full wingspan was ten cubits. / The second cherub also measured ten cubits; both cherubim had the same size and shape, ...

Revelation 5:6
Then I saw a Lamb who appeared to have been slain, standing in the center of the throne, encircled by the four living creatures and the elders. The Lamb had seven horns and seven eyes, which represent the seven spirits of God sent out into all the earth.

Exodus 37:7-9
He made two cherubim of hammered gold at the ends of the mercy seat, / one cherub on one end and one on the other, all made from one piece of gold. / And the cherubim had wings that spread upward, overshadowing the mercy seat. The cherubim faced each other, looking toward the mercy seat.

Ezekiel 10:14
Each of the cherubim had four faces: the first face was that of a cherub, the second that of a man, the third that of a lion, and the fourth that of an eagle.

Revelation 4:8
And each of the four living creatures had six wings and was covered with eyes all around and within. Day and night they never stop saying: “Holy, Holy, Holy, is the Lord God Almighty, who was and is and is to come!”

1 Kings 8:6-7
Then the priests brought the ark of the covenant of the LORD to its place in the inner sanctuary of the temple, the Most Holy Place, beneath the wings of the cherubim. / For the cherubim spread their wings over the place of the ark and overshadowed the ark and its poles.

Isaiah 6:2-3
Above Him stood seraphim, each having six wings: With two wings they covered their faces, with two they covered their feet, and with two they were flying. / And they were calling out to one another: “Holy, holy, holy is the LORD of Hosts; all the earth is full of His glory.”

Hebrews 9:5
Above the ark were the cherubim of glory, overshadowing the mercy seat. But we cannot discuss these things in detail now.

Exodus 26:1
“You are to construct the tabernacle itself with ten curtains of finely spun linen, each with blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and cherubim skillfully worked into them.

Ezekiel 41:18-19
were alternating carved cherubim and palm trees. Each cherub had two faces: / the face of a man was toward the palm tree on one side, and the face of a young lion was toward the palm tree on the other side. They were carved all the way around the temple.


Treasury of Scripture

It stood on twelve oxen, three looking toward the north, and three looking toward the west, and three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east: and the sea was set above on them, and all their hinder parts were inward.

It stood

Matthew 16:18
And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.

Ephesians 2:20
And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone;

Revelation 21:14
And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and in them the names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.

three

Matthew 28:19,20
Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost: …

Mark 16:15
And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature.

Luke 24:46,47
And said unto them, Thus it is written, and thus it behoved Christ to suffer, and to rise from the dead the third day: …

Jump to Previous
East Facing Hinder Inward North Oxen Parts Sea South Stood Three Turned Twelve West
Jump to Next
East Facing Hinder Inward North Oxen Parts Sea South Stood Three Turned Twelve West
2 Chronicles 4
1. The altar of brass
2. The molten sea upon twelve oxen
6. The ten lavers, candlesticks, and tables
9. The courts, and the instruments of brass
19. The instruments of gold














The Sea
This term refers to the large basin used in the temple for ceremonial washing, symbolizing purification and the cleansing power of God. In Hebrew, the word "yam" is used, which typically means "sea" or "large body of water." This emphasizes the vastness and importance of the basin in the temple rituals, reflecting God's provision for spiritual cleanliness.

stood on twelve oxen
The number twelve is significant in the Bible, often representing completeness or the twelve tribes of Israel. The oxen, known for their strength and service, symbolize the support and foundation of God's people. The Hebrew word for oxen, "par," conveys strength and labor, indicating that the tribes are the sturdy foundation upon which God's covenant rests.

three facing north, three facing west, three facing south, and three facing east
This arrangement signifies the omnipresence and universality of God's covenant with Israel. Each direction represents the entirety of the earth, suggesting that God's presence and the call to purity extend to all corners of the world. The strategic placement of the oxen underscores the idea that God's people are to be a light and witness to all nations.

The Sea rested on them
The phrase indicates stability and reliance. The Hebrew root "nuwach" means to rest or settle, suggesting that the basin's position on the oxen is secure and purposeful. This imagery can inspire believers to find their rest and security in God's provision and promises, just as the Sea was firmly supported by the oxen.

their hindquarters were toward the center
This detail highlights the orientation and focus of the oxen, with their strength directed outward, symbolizing readiness to serve and support. The Hebrew concept here implies a central focus on God, with the strength of the tribes directed towards fulfilling His purposes. This serves as a reminder for believers to orient their lives around God, ensuring that their strength and service are aligned with His will.

(4) It stood.--The whole verse coincides verbally with 1Kings 7:25, with one slight exception: the common form of the numeral "twelve," shnem '?s?r, is substituted for the rare shne '?s?r.

Verse 4. - The words of the Hebrew text of this verse and the parallel (1 Kings 7:25) are facsimiles.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
[The Sea] stood
עוֹמֵ֞ד (‘ō·w·mêḏ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5975: To stand, in various relations

on
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

twelve
שְׁנֵ֧ים (šə·nêm)
Number - md
Strong's 8147: Two (a cardinal number)

oxen,
בָּקָ֗ר (bā·qār)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1241: Beef cattle, ox, a herd

three
שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה (šə·lō·šāh)
Number - masculine singular
Strong's 7969: Three, third, thrice

facing
פֹנִ֣ים ׀ (p̄ō·nîm)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 6437: To turn, to face, appear, look

north,
צָפ֡וֹנָה (ṣā·p̄ō·w·nāh)
Noun - feminine singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 6828: Hidden, dark, the north as a, quarter

three
וּשְׁלוֹשָׁה֩ (ū·šə·lō·wō·šāh)
Conjunctive waw | Number - masculine singular
Strong's 7969: Three, third, thrice

facing
פֹנִ֨ים ׀ (p̄ō·nîm)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 6437: To turn, to face, appear, look

west,
יָ֜מָּה (yām·māh)
Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 3220: A sea, the Mediterranean Sea, large river, an artifical basin

three
וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה ׀ (ū·šə·lō·šāh)
Conjunctive waw | Number - masculine singular
Strong's 7969: Three, third, thrice

facing
פֹּנִ֣ים (pō·nîm)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 6437: To turn, to face, appear, look

south,
נֶ֗גְבָּה (neḡ·bāh)
Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 5045: South country, the Negeb, south

and three
וּשְׁלֹשָׁה֙ (ū·šə·lō·šāh)
Conjunctive waw | Number - masculine singular
Strong's 7969: Three, third, thrice

facing
פֹּנִ֣ים (pō·nîm)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 6437: To turn, to face, appear, look

east.
מִזְרָ֔חָה (miz·rā·ḥāh)
Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 4217: Place of sunrise, the east

[The Sea]
וְהַיָּ֥ם (wə·hay·yām)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3220: A sea, the Mediterranean Sea, large river, an artifical basin

rested on them
עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם (‘ă·lê·hem)
Preposition | third person masculine plural
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

with all
וְכָל־ (wə·ḵāl)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

their hindquarters
אֲחֹרֵיהֶ֖ם (’ă·ḥō·rê·hem)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural
Strong's 268: The hinder part, behind, backward, the West

toward the center.
בָּֽיְתָה׃ (bā·yə·ṯāh)
Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 1004: A house


Links
2 Chronicles 4:4 NIV
2 Chronicles 4:4 NLT
2 Chronicles 4:4 ESV
2 Chronicles 4:4 NASB
2 Chronicles 4:4 KJV

2 Chronicles 4:4 BibleApps.com
2 Chronicles 4:4 Biblia Paralela
2 Chronicles 4:4 Chinese Bible
2 Chronicles 4:4 French Bible
2 Chronicles 4:4 Catholic Bible

OT History: 2 Chronicles 4:4 It stood on twelve oxen three looking (2 Chron. 2Ch iiCh ii ch 2 chr 2chr)
2 Chronicles 4:3
Top of Page
Top of Page