Galatians 4:21

Tell me, you who want to be under the law, do you not understand what the law says?

Study Bible

Tell me
This phrase is a direct and personal appeal from the Apostle Paul. In the original Greek, "λέγετέ μοι" (legete moi) conveys a sense of urgency and personal engagement. Paul is not merely making a rhetorical point; he is earnestly seeking to engage the Galatians in a dialogue. This approach reflects the pastoral heart of Paul, who desires to correct and guide his readers with both authority and compassion.

you who want to be under the law
The phrase "under the law" refers to those who are seeking justification through adherence to the Mosaic Law. In Greek, "ὑπὸ νόμον" (hypo nomon) indicates a position of subjection or bondage. Historically, the Galatian church was being influenced by Judaizers who insisted that Gentile Christians must observe Jewish laws to be true followers of Christ. Paul is addressing those who are tempted to revert to legalism, reminding them of the freedom they have in Christ.

do you not understand
This rhetorical question challenges the Galatians' comprehension of the law's true purpose. The Greek word "ἀκούετε" (akouete) implies hearing with understanding. Paul is questioning whether they have truly grasped the implications and demands of the law. This is a call to deeper reflection and discernment, urging the Galatians to consider the spiritual and practical consequences of their choices.

what the law says
Here, "the law" refers to the Torah, the first five books of the Old Testament, which contain the commandments given to Israel. The Greek "ὁ νόμος" (ho nomos) is not just a set of rules but a covenantal framework that pointed to the need for a Savior. Paul is emphasizing that the law was never intended to be a means of salvation but a tutor leading to Christ (Galatians 3:24). Historically, the law served to reveal sin and the need for grace, a theme Paul elaborates throughout his epistles.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul the Apostle
The author of the letter to the Galatians, addressing the issue of legalism and the Judaizers who were influencing the Galatian church.

2. Galatians
The recipients of the letter, a group of early Christians in the region of Galatia who were being swayed by teachings that emphasized adherence to the Jewish law.

3. The Law
Refers to the Mosaic Law, which includes the commandments and regulations given to the Israelites in the Old Testament.

4. Judaizers
A group within the early church advocating that Gentile converts must adhere to Jewish law, including circumcision, to be true Christians.

5. Abraham
While not directly mentioned in this verse, he is central to the argument in the surrounding passages, representing faith and the promise of God.

Teaching Points

Understanding the Law's Purpose
The law was given to reveal sin and point to the need for a Savior. It was never intended as a means of salvation.

Freedom in Christ
Believers are called to live in the freedom that Christ provides, not under the bondage of the law.

Discernment in Doctrine
Christians must be discerning about teachings that add to the gospel of grace, ensuring that they align with the truth of Scripture.

Faith Over Works
Salvation is by faith alone, not by works of the law. This truth should guide our relationship with God and others.

Living by the Spirit
Embrace the guidance of the Holy Spirit, who empowers believers to live righteously apart from the law.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does Paul mean by "under the law," and how does this apply to the Galatians' situation?

2. How does the account of Abraham, Sarah, and Hagar illustrate the difference between living under the law and living by faith?

3. In what ways might modern Christians be tempted to live "under the law" rather than in the freedom of Christ?

4. How can we ensure that our understanding of salvation remains rooted in faith and not in works?

5. What role does the Holy Spirit play in helping us live out our faith apart from the law? How can we be more attentive to His leading in our daily lives?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 16-21
The account of Abraham, Sarah, Hagar, Ishmael, and Isaac, which Paul uses allegorically in the surrounding context to illustrate the difference between living under the law and living by the promise.

Romans 7:1-6
Paul discusses the believer's relationship to the law, emphasizing freedom from the law through Christ.

Hebrews 8:6-13
The new covenant is superior to the old, highlighting the shift from the law to grace through Jesus Christ.