Judges 8:30

Gideon had seventy sons of his own, since he had many wives.

Study Bible

Gideon had seventy sons
The phrase "Gideon had seventy sons" highlights the prolific nature of Gideon's family. In the context of ancient Israel, having many sons was often seen as a sign of blessing and strength. The number seventy is significant in the Bible, often symbolizing completeness or perfection. This could suggest that Gideon's family was seen as a complete and powerful unit. Historically, large families were common among leaders and rulers, as they ensured the continuation of one's lineage and influence. The Hebrew root for "sons" (בָּנִים, banim) also implies builders, indicating that sons were seen as the builders of a family's legacy.

of his own
The phrase "of his own" emphasizes that these sons were directly descended from Gideon, highlighting his personal legacy. This personal connection underscores the importance of lineage and heritage in biblical times. In a patriarchal society, a man's identity and legacy were often tied to his offspring, particularly his sons. This phrase reinforces the idea that Gideon's influence extended through his direct descendants.

since he had many wives
The phrase "since he had many wives" provides context for the large number of sons. Polygamy was a common practice among leaders and wealthy individuals in the ancient Near East, often used to form alliances and increase one's influence. The Hebrew word for "wives" (נָשִׁים, nashim) can also mean women, indicating the broader social and familial networks that Gideon maintained. From a conservative Christian perspective, this practice is often viewed through the lens of biblical narratives that show both the benefits and complications of polygamy. While it was culturally accepted at the time, the Bible also records the strife and challenges that arose from such family dynamics, reminding readers of the complexities of human relationships and the need for divine guidance.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Gideon
A judge of Israel, also known as Jerubbaal, who led the Israelites to victory over the Midianites. He is a central figure in the Book of Judges, known for his faith and leadership, but also for his later actions that led to idolatry and familial strife.

2. Seventy Sons
The numerous offspring of Gideon, indicating his many marriages and the potential for familial conflict and division, as seen later in the account with Abimelech.

3. Many Wives
Reflects the cultural practices of the time, where polygamy was common among leaders and kings, often leading to complex family dynamics and issues of inheritance and succession.

Teaching Points

The Dangers of Polygamy and Disobedience
Gideon's many wives and sons illustrate the potential for strife and division that comes from not adhering to God's design for marriage. Believers are reminded to follow God's principles for family life.

Leadership and Personal Life
Gideon's account shows that even great leaders can have personal failings. It is crucial for leaders to maintain integrity in their personal lives to avoid negative consequences.

Legacy and Influence
The legacy we leave is shaped by our actions and decisions. Gideon's choices affected his family and the nation of Israel. Believers should consider the long-term impact of their decisions.

Cultural Influence vs. God's Commands
Gideon's life reflects the tension between cultural practices and God's commands. Christians are called to live according to God's Word, even when it contradicts societal norms.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Gideon's decision to have many wives and sons reflect the cultural practices of his time, and what can we learn from this about conforming to cultural norms versus following God's commands?

2. In what ways did Gideon's personal choices impact his family and the nation of Israel, and how can we apply this understanding to our own lives and leadership roles?

3. How does the warning in Deuteronomy 17:17 about multiplying wives relate to Gideon's account, and what does it teach us about the importance of obedience to God's Word?

4. What parallels can be drawn between Gideon's family dynamics and those of other biblical figures like David, and how do these accounts inform our understanding of family and leadership?

5. How can we ensure that our legacy is one that honors God and positively influences future generations, considering the lessons from Gideon's life?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Deuteronomy 17:17
This verse warns against kings multiplying wives, which can lead to their hearts being led astray. Gideon's many wives and resulting family issues can be seen as a reflection of this warning.

1 Samuel 8:5
The Israelites' request for a king "like all the nations" can be connected to Gideon's lifestyle, which mirrors the practices of surrounding nations, despite God's desire for Israel to be distinct.

2 Samuel 3:2-5
The account of David's many sons from different wives, which later led to significant conflict and tragedy within his family, parallels Gideon's situation.