Numbers 20:16
and when we cried out to the LORD, He heard our voice, sent an angel, and brought us out of Egypt. Now look, we are in Kadesh, a city on the edge of your territory.
and when we cried out to the LORD,

Israel’s appeal recalled the bitter years of bondage in Egypt, when the people groaned under oppression and called upon the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Their deliverance began not with human strength but with dependence upon the covenant God who had promised to make them a great nation.

Exo 2:23-25 After a long time, the king of Egypt died.…
Psa 107:6 Then they cried out to the LORD in their trouble,…
Jdg 3:9 But when the Israelites cried out to the LORD,…

He heard our voice,

The LORD had not forgotten His people in Egypt. He saw their affliction, remembered His covenant, and acted in compassion and power. Israel’s history testified that God hears the cry of those who look to Him for mercy and deliverance.

Exo 3:7 The LORD said, “I have indeed seen the affliction…
Deu 26:7 So we called out to the LORD, the God of our fathers;…
Psa 18:6 In my distress I called upon the LORD; I cried…

sent an angel,

God sent His angel before Israel as an agent of His presence, protection, and guidance. The angel of God guarded the people at the Red Sea and led them through the wilderness according to the LORD’s command. Israel’s rescue from Egypt was therefore a work of divine intervention, not merely a national escape.

Exo 23:20 Behold, I am sending an angel before you to protect you…
Exo 33:2 And I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out…
Isa 63:9 In all their distress, He too was afflicted…

and brought us out of Egypt.

The Exodus stood at the center of Israel’s identity as the redeemed people of God. The LORD broke Pharaoh’s power, judged Egypt’s false gods, and brought Israel out to serve Him. That great deliverance anticipated the greater redemption accomplished through Christ, who delivers His people from slavery to sin.

Exo 13:14 In the future, when your son asks you, ‘What does this mean?’…
Exo 20:2 I am the LORD your God, who brought you out…
Exo 12:51 And on that very day the LORD brought the Israelites out…

Now look, we are in Kadesh,

Kadesh, often called Kadesh-barnea, was a major encampment near the southern border of Canaan. From this region Israel had previously sent spies into the land, rebelled against God’s promise, and received the sentence of forty years of wilderness wandering. The nation had now returned to the area as it prepared to move toward the Promised Land.

Deu 1:19 And just as the LORD our God had commanded us,…
Num 13:26 and they went back to Moses, Aaron, and the congregation…
Deu 1:46 For this reason you stayed in Kadesh for a long time…

a city on the edge of your territory.

Kadesh lay near Edom’s border, and Moses sent this message to the king of Edom while requesting peaceful passage through his land. The appeal rested partly on the shared ancestry of Israel and Edom, since Edom descended from Esau, Jacob’s brother. Edom nevertheless refused Israel passage and came out with military force, requiring Israel to turn away rather than begin an unnecessary conflict.

Jos 15:1-4 Now the allotment for the clans of the tribe of Judah…
Num 34:3-5 Your southern border will extend from the Wilderness of Zin…
Deu 2:4-5 You will pass through the territory of your brothers…

Persons / Places / Events
1. The Israelites
The chosen people of God, descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who were delivered from slavery in Egypt.

2. The LORD (Yahweh)
The covenant-keeping God of Israel who hears the cries of His people and acts on their behalf.

3. The Angel
A divine messenger sent by God to lead and protect the Israelites during their exodus from Egypt.

4. Egypt
The land of bondage from which the Israelites were delivered by God's mighty hand.

5. Kadesh
A significant location in the wilderness journey of the Israelites, situated on the edge of the Promised Land.
Teaching Points
God Hears Our Cries
Just as God heard the cries of the Israelites, He hears us today. We can be confident that our prayers reach Him, and He is attentive to our needs.

Divine Deliverance
The sending of an angel to lead Israel out of Egypt is a reminder of God's power to deliver us from our own "Egypts"—situations of bondage or distress.

Faithfulness in the Wilderness
Kadesh represents a place of decision and waiting. In our own wilderness experiences, we must trust in God's timing and guidance.

God's Presence in Transition
As the Israelites stood on the edge of the Promised Land, they were reminded of God's past faithfulness. We too should remember God's past works as we face new challenges.

The Role of Divine Messengers
Angels played a crucial role in the exodus. We should be open to the various ways God might send help or guidance in our lives.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the experience of the Israelites crying out to God in Egypt encourage you in your own prayer life?

2. In what ways have you experienced God's deliverance in your life, and how can you use those experiences to encourage others?

3. What are some "wilderness" situations you are currently facing, and how can you apply the lessons from Kadesh to your circumstances?

4. How can remembering God's past faithfulness help you trust Him with your future?

5. In what ways might God be sending "angels" or messengers into your life today, and how can you be more attentive to their presence?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 3:7-10
This passage describes God's response to the cries of the Israelites in Egypt, highlighting His compassion and plan for deliverance.

Psalm 34:17
This verse emphasizes that the LORD hears the cries of the righteous and delivers them from their troubles, reinforcing the theme of divine intervention.

Acts 7:30-36
Stephen recounts the account of Moses and the exodus, mentioning the angel who appeared to Moses, connecting the Old Testament deliverance to the New Testament understanding of God's salvation plan.
Retribution ConsummatedJ. Parker, D. D.Numbers 20:14-21
The Claim of Kinship RejectedD. Young Numbers 20:14-21
People
Aaron, Egyptians, Eleazar, Israelites, Miriam, Moses
Places
Edom, Egypt, Kadesh-barnea, King's Highway, Meribah, Mount Hor, Zin
Topics
Angel, Behold, Border, Bringing, Cried, Cry, Ear, Edge, Egypt, Extremity, Forth, Heareth, Kadesh, Messenger, Territory, Town, Uttermost, Voice
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Numbers 20:16

     4111   angels, servants
     5196   voice
     8614   prayer, answers

Numbers 20:15-16

     8610   prayer, asking God

Library
August 17. "Speak Ye unto the Rock" (Num. xx. 8).
"Speak ye unto the Rock" (Num. xx. 8). The Holy Ghost is very sensitive, as love always is. You can conquer a wild beast by blows and chains, but you cannot conquer a woman's heart that way, or win the love of a sensitive nature; that must be wooed by the delicate touches of trust and affection. So the Holy Ghost has to be taken by a faith as delicate and sensitive as the gentle heart with whom it is coming in touch. One thought of unbelief, one expression of impatient distrust or fear, will instantly
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

The Waters of Meribah
'Then came the children of Israel, even the whole congregation, into the desert of Zin in the first month: and the people abode in Kadesh; and Miriam died there, and was buried there. 2. And there was no water for the congregation: and they gathered themselves together against Moses and against Aaron. 3. And the people chode with Moses, and spake, saying, Would God that we had died when our brethren died before the Lord! 4. And why have ye brought up the congregation of the Lord into this wilderness,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Kadesh. Rekam, and that Double. Inquiry is Made, Whether the Doubling it in the Maps is Well Done.
The readers of the eastern interpreters will observe, that Kadesh is rendered by all Rekam, or in a sound very near it. In the Chaldee, it is 'Rekam': in the Syriac, 'Rekem': in the Arabic, 'Rakim'... There are two places noted by the name Rekam in the very bounds of the land,--to wit, the southern and eastern: that is, a double Kadesh. I. Of Kadesh, or Rekam, in the south part, there is no doubt. II. Of it, in the eastern part, there is this mention: "From Rekam to the east, and Rekam is as the
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

The Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Discourse Suggested Thereby.
(Galilee.) ^A Matt. XI. 2-30; ^C Luke VII. 18-35. ^c 18 And the disciples of John told him of all these things. ^a 2 Now when John had heard in the prison the works of Christ, he sent by his disciples ^c 19 And John calling unto him two of his disciples sent them unto the Lord [John had been cast into prison about December, a.d. 27, and it was now after the Passover, possibly in May or June, a.d. 28. Herod Antipas had cast John into prison because John had reproved him for taking his brother's wife.
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Epistle xxviii. To Augustine, Bishop of the Angli .
To Augustine, Bishop of the Angli [136] . Gregory to Augustine, &c. Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace to men of good will (Luke ii. 14); because a grain of wheat, falling into the earth, has died, that it might not reign in heaven alone; even He by whose death we live, by whose weakness we are made strong, by whose suffering we are rescued from suffering, through whose love we seek in Britain for brethren whom we knew not, by whose gift we find those whom without knowing them we sought.
Saint Gregory the Great—the Epistles of Saint Gregory the Great

Travelling in Palestine --Roads, Inns, Hospitality, Custom-House Officers, Taxation, Publicans
It was the very busiest road in Palestine, on which the publican Levi Matthew sat at the receipt of "custom," when our Lord called him to the fellowship of the Gospel, and he then made that great feast to which he invited his fellow-publicans, that they also might see and hear Him in Whom he had found life and peace (Luke 5:29). For, it was the only truly international road of all those which passed through Palestine; indeed, it formed one of the great highways of the world's commerce. At the time
Alfred Edersheim—Sketches of Jewish Social Life

Peræa to Bethany. Raising of Lazarus.
^D John XI. 1-46. ^d 1 Now a certain man was sick, Lazarus of Bethany, the village of Mary and her sister Martha. [For Bethany and the sisters, see p. 478.] 2 And it was that Mary who anointed the Lord with ointment, and wiped his feet with her hair [John xii. 3 ], whose brother Lazarus was sick. [The anointing had not yet taken place, as John himself shows. For a similar anticipation see Matt. x. 4. There are five prominent Marys in the New Testament: those of Nazareth, Magdala and Bethany; the
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

The Hebrews and the Philistines --Damascus
THE ISRAELITES IN THE LAND OF CANAAN: THE JUDGES--THE PHILISTINES AND THE HEBREW KINGDOM--SAUL, DAVID, SOLOMON, THE DEFECTION OF THE TEN TRIBES--THE XXIst EGYPTIAN DYNASTY--SHESHONQ OR SHISHAK DAMASCUS. The Hebrews in the desert: their families, clans, and tribes--The Amorites and the Hebrews on the left bank of the Jordan--The conquest of Canaan and the native reaction against the Hebrews--The judges, Ehud, Deborah, Jerubbaal or Gideon and the Manassite supremacy; Abimelech, Jephihdh. The Philistines,
G. Maspero—History Of Egypt, Chaldaea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, V 6

Backsliding.
"I will heal their backsliding; I will love them freely: for Mine anger is turned away."--Hosea xiv. 4. There are two kinds of backsliders. Some have never been converted: they have gone through the form of joining a Christian community and claim to be backsliders; but they never have, if I may use the expression, "slid forward." They may talk of backsliding; but they have never really been born again. They need to be treated differently from real back-sliders--those who have been born of the incorruptible
Dwight L. Moody—The Way to God and How to Find It

Numbers
Like the last part of Exodus, and the whole of Leviticus, the first part of Numbers, i.-x. 28--so called,[1] rather inappropriately, from the census in i., iii., (iv.), xxvi.--is unmistakably priestly in its interests and language. Beginning with a census of the men of war (i.) and the order of the camp (ii.), it devotes specific attention to the Levites, their numbers and duties (iii., iv.). Then follow laws for the exclusion of the unclean, v. 1-4, for determining the manner and amount of restitution
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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