Numbers 31:32

and this plunder remained from the spoils the soldiers had taken: 675,000 sheep,

Study Bible

This plunder
The term "plunder" refers to the goods taken by force during a military conquest. In the Hebrew context, the word used is "malkoach," which signifies the spoils of war. This concept is deeply rooted in the ancient Near Eastern practice where victors claimed the possessions of the defeated as a sign of triumph and divine favor. Theologically, this plunder is seen as a provision from God, a tangible sign of His blessing and support for Israel's endeavors.

the remainder of the spoil
The phrase "the remainder of the spoil" indicates that this was what was left after the initial distribution. In the Hebrew, "remainder" is "yether," suggesting what is left over or surplus. This implies a sense of abundance and God's provision beyond immediate needs. Historically, the division of spoil was a common practice, ensuring that all participants in the battle received their due share, reflecting a sense of justice and order within the community.

the soldiers had taken
The soldiers, or "anshei hatzava" in Hebrew, were the men of war, those who actively participated in the battle. This phrase underscores the role of the military in executing God's commands and securing the land for Israel. It highlights the importance of obedience and courage in fulfilling divine mandates. The taking of spoil by soldiers was not merely an act of greed but a fulfillment of God's promise to provide for His people through their efforts.

totaled 675,000 sheep
The specific number, "675,000 sheep," emphasizes the vastness of the plunder. In Hebrew, numbers often carry symbolic weight, and large numbers like this one signify completeness and divine blessing. Sheep were a valuable commodity in ancient times, representing wealth, sustenance, and the means for sacrificial offerings. This abundance of sheep not only provided for the immediate needs of the Israelites but also ensured their ability to worship and honor God through sacrifices. The sheer number reflects God's overwhelming provision and the prosperity that comes from following His commands.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, who was commanded by God to take vengeance on the Midianites.

2. Midianites
A nomadic tribe that opposed Israel and led them into idolatry and immorality.

3. Israelite Soldiers
The men who went to battle against the Midianites and collected the spoils.

4. Plunder
The goods and livestock taken from the Midianites after their defeat.

5. God's Command
The directive given to Moses to execute judgment on the Midianites for their role in leading Israel astray.

Teaching Points

Obedience to God's Commands
The Israelites' victory and the subsequent plunder were a direct result of their obedience to God's command. This underscores the importance of following God's instructions fully and faithfully.

God's Justice and Judgment
The destruction of the Midianites serves as a reminder of God's justice. He holds nations accountable for their actions, especially when they lead His people into sin.

Stewardship of Resources
The handling of the plunder reflects the need for responsible stewardship of resources. Believers are called to manage what God provides with integrity and wisdom.

Spiritual Warfare
The physical battle against the Midianites is a metaphor for the spiritual battles believers face. We must be vigilant and prepared to stand against spiritual forces that seek to lead us astray.

Community and Sharing
The distribution of the plunder among the community highlights the importance of sharing God's blessings with others, ensuring that all have their needs met.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the obedience of the Israelite soldiers in Numbers 31:32 serve as a model for our own obedience to God's commands today?

2. In what ways does the account of the Midianites' defeat illustrate the concept of divine justice, and how can we apply this understanding to current events?

3. What lessons can we learn about stewardship from the handling of the plunder in this passage, and how can we apply these lessons to our personal finances?

4. How does the concept of spiritual warfare in the New Testament relate to the physical battles described in the Old Testament, such as the one against the Midianites?

5. How can we ensure that the blessings and resources God provides are shared equitably within our communities, reflecting the distribution of plunder among the Israelites?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 17
The initial conflict with the Amalekites, who were related to the Midianites, showing a long-standing enmity.

Deuteronomy 20
Instructions on warfare, including the treatment of plunder and the conduct of soldiers.

1 Samuel 15
Saul's incomplete obedience in dealing with the Amalekites, highlighting the importance of following God's commands fully.

Joshua 6
The fall of Jericho, where the Israelites were instructed on how to handle the spoils of war.

Proverbs 16:33
The sovereignty of God in the outcomes of battles and the distribution of spoils.