Proverbs 31:15

She rises while it is still night to provide food for her household and portions for her maidservants.

Study Bible

She rises while it is still night
This phrase highlights the diligence and industrious nature of the virtuous woman. The Hebrew word for "rises" is "קוּם" (qum), which implies a deliberate action, a readiness to face the tasks of the day. In ancient times, rising before dawn was a sign of dedication and commitment, as it required sacrifice and discipline. The phrase "while it is still night" underscores her willingness to work beyond the typical hours, reflecting a heart of service and responsibility. This can be seen as a metaphor for spiritual vigilance, encouraging believers to be proactive in their faith and responsibilities.

to provide food for her household
The Hebrew word for "provide" is "נָתַן" (natan), meaning to give or bestow. This indicates not just the act of feeding but a thoughtful provision, ensuring that the needs of her family are met. "Food" in this context is "טֶרֶף" (teref), which can also mean prey or sustenance, suggesting that she actively seeks out what is necessary for her household's well-being. The term "household" refers to all those under her care, emphasizing her role as a nurturer and provider. Historically, the household was the center of economic and social life, and her ability to manage it effectively was crucial.

and portions for her maidservants
The word "portions" is "חֹק" (choq), which can mean a statute or prescribed share. This implies fairness and justice in her dealings, ensuring that everyone receives their due. The term "maidservants" is "נַעֲרָה" (na'arah), referring to young women or female servants. In the cultural context of ancient Israel, servants were considered part of the extended household, and their well-being was a reflection of the household's prosperity and the character of its leader. By providing for her maidservants, the virtuous woman demonstrates compassion and leadership, recognizing the value and dignity of every individual in her care.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Virtuous Woman
The central figure in Proverbs 31, often referred to as the "Proverbs 31 Woman," is an idealized representation of a godly and industrious woman. She embodies wisdom, diligence, and care for her family and community.

2. Her Household
This includes her immediate family and those who live under her care. The household is a place of provision, safety, and nurturing, reflecting the woman's commitment to her responsibilities.

3. Maidservants
These are the servants or helpers in the household. The virtuous woman ensures they are well-cared for, demonstrating her leadership and compassion.

4. Night
Symbolically, the night represents a time of rest, yet the virtuous woman rises early, indicating her dedication and willingness to sacrifice personal comfort for the well-being of others.

5. Food
Represents both physical sustenance and the broader concept of provision and care. The act of providing food is a tangible expression of love and responsibility.

Teaching Points

Diligence and Hard Work
The virtuous woman exemplifies diligence by rising early to fulfill her responsibilities. Christians are encouraged to approach their duties with the same dedication and work ethic.

Sacrificial Love
Her willingness to rise while it is still night demonstrates sacrificial love. Believers are called to put the needs of others before their own comfort.

Leadership and Stewardship
By providing for her maidservants, the virtuous woman shows leadership and good stewardship. Christians should lead with integrity and care for those under their influence.

Preparation and Planning
The act of rising early to prepare food highlights the importance of planning and foresight. Believers should be proactive in managing their households and responsibilities.

Community and Care
The virtuous woman's care extends beyond her family to her maidservants, illustrating the importance of community and caring for all within one's sphere of influence.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the example of the virtuous woman in Proverbs 31:15 challenge your current approach to daily responsibilities?

2. In what ways can you demonstrate sacrificial love in your family or community, similar to the virtuous woman's early rising?

3. How can the principles of diligence and planning seen in Proverbs 31:15 be applied to your work or ministry?

4. Reflect on a time when you had to lead or care for others. How can the virtuous woman's example guide you in future leadership roles?

5. Consider the broader community around you. How can you extend care and provision beyond your immediate family, as the virtuous woman did with her maidservants?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Proverbs 6:6-8
This passage encourages diligence and preparation, similar to the virtuous woman's early rising to provide for her household.

1 Timothy 5:8
Emphasizes the importance of providing for one's family, aligning with the virtuous woman's commitment to her household.

Titus 2:3-5
Encourages older women to teach younger women to be diligent and care for their families, reflecting the virtues seen in Proverbs 31.