Myrrh

Myrrh is a fragrant gum resin obtained from the Commiphora species of trees, native to regions such as Arabia and parts of Africa. In biblical times, myrrh was highly valued for its aromatic properties and was used in various religious, medicinal, and burial practices.

Biblical References:

1. Genesis 37:25 · Myrrh is first mentioned in the Bible in the context of trade. Joseph's brothers, after selling him into slavery, observe a caravan of Ishmaelites carrying myrrh, among other goods, to Egypt. This highlights myrrh's role as a valuable commodity in ancient trade.

2. Exodus 30:23-25 · Myrrh is a key ingredient in the sacred anointing oil described in the instructions given to Moses. The oil was used to consecrate the Tabernacle and its furnishings, as well as the priests, signifying its importance in worship and dedication to God.

3. Esther 2:12 · Myrrh was used in the purification process for women, including Esther, who were brought before King Xerxes. This indicates its use in beauty treatments and its association with preparation and purification.

4. John 19:39 · Myrrh is notably mentioned in the New Testament in the burial of Jesus. Nicodemus brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes to anoint Jesus' body, underscoring its use in embalming and its symbolic connection to death and burial.

Symbolism and Significance:

Myrrh is often associated with suffering and death, as seen in its use in embalming and its mention in the gifts brought by the Magi to the infant Jesus (Matthew 2:11). This gift foreshadowed Jesus' suffering and sacrificial death. Myrrh's inclusion in the anointing oil also signifies its role in sanctification and dedication to God.

Frankincense

Frankincense is an aromatic resin obtained from trees of the Boswellia genus, primarily found in the Arabian Peninsula and parts of Africa. It was highly prized in ancient times for its fragrance and was a key component in religious rituals and offerings.

Biblical References:

1. Exodus 30:34-36 · Frankincense is a primary ingredient in the sacred incense used in the Tabernacle. God instructed Moses to make an incense blend with frankincense, which was to be burned before the Ark of the Covenant, symbolizing prayers ascending to God.

2. Leviticus 2:1-2 · In the grain offerings, frankincense was to be added, and a portion was burned on the altar as a pleasing aroma to the Lord. This highlights its role in worship and offerings, symbolizing devotion and prayer.

3. Song of Solomon 3:6 · Frankincense is mentioned in the context of a royal procession, emphasizing its association with luxury, celebration, and the presence of royalty.

4. Matthew 2:11 · Frankincense was one of the gifts presented by the Magi to Jesus. This gift is often interpreted as a recognition of Jesus' priestly role, as frankincense was used in temple worship.

Symbolism and Significance:

Frankincense is often associated with worship, prayer, and the divine presence. Its use in the Tabernacle and Temple rituals underscores its role in facilitating communication with God. The gift of frankincense to Jesus by the Magi symbolizes His divine nature and His role as the ultimate High Priest, mediating between God and humanity.

Together, myrrh and frankincense hold deep spiritual significance in the biblical narrative, representing aspects of Jesus' life and ministry, including His suffering, death, and divine priesthood.