Abi, also known as Abijah, is a biblical figure mentioned in the Old Testament. She is recognized primarily as the mother of King Hezekiah of Judah and the wife of King Ahaz. Her name, Abi, is a shortened form of Abijah, which means "My Father is Yahweh" in Hebrew. This name reflects the theistic culture and religious devotion prevalent in the Kingdom of Judah during her time.

Biblical References:

1. 2 Kings 18:2 : "He was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem for twenty-nine years. His mother’s name was Abi, the daughter of Zechariah." This verse introduces Abi as the mother of Hezekiah, one of the most notable kings of Judah, who is credited with significant religious reforms and efforts to restore the worship of Yahweh.

2. 2 Chronicles 29:1 : "Hezekiah was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem for twenty-nine years. His mother’s name was Abijah, the daughter of Zechariah." In this parallel account, Abi is referred to by her full name, Abijah, emphasizing her lineage as the daughter of Zechariah. This connection to Zechariah may indicate a family of some standing or religious significance, although the specific identity of Zechariah is not detailed in these passages.

Historical and Cultural Context:

Abi lived during a tumultuous period in the history of Judah, marked by political instability and religious challenges. Her husband, King Ahaz, is often remembered for his unfaithfulness to Yahweh, as he engaged in idolatrous practices and sought alliances with foreign powers, contrary to the prophetic counsel of the time. In contrast, her son Hezekiah is celebrated for his piety and efforts to centralize worship in Jerusalem, abolishing high places and other forms of idolatry.

Abi's role as the queen mother would have been significant, as the position often carried considerable influence in the royal court. While the biblical texts do not provide extensive details about her personal actions or influence, her mention in the genealogical and regnal records underscores her importance in the dynastic lineage of Judah.

Theological Significance:

Abi's mention in the biblical narrative, though brief, serves as a reminder of the familial and maternal influences that shaped the reign of Hezekiah. Her name, meaning "My Father is Yahweh," may suggest a heritage of faith that could have impacted Hezekiah's religious convictions and reforms. The contrast between the reigns of Ahaz and Hezekiah highlights the ongoing struggle between idolatry and the worship of Yahweh, a central theme in the history of Judah.

In summary, Abi, or Abijah, is a figure whose legacy is primarily tied to her son Hezekiah's reign and religious reforms. Her inclusion in the biblical genealogies reflects the importance of maternal lineage and influence in the royal history of Judah.2 Chronicles 29:1
Hezekiah began to reign when he was five and twenty years old, and he reigned nine and twenty years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Abijah, the daughter of Zechariah.
Nave's Topical Index

Appendices
... Sumu-abi or Samu-abi, 14 (or 15) years.[12] Sumu ... in Assyria, 2 years 727 Ulula, called
Shalmaneser IV ... Rehoboam (17 years) cir.932 Abijah 915 Asa 912 Jehoshapbat ...
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