Topical Bible: Copulation: Forbidden Between Persons Near of Kin

◄ Copulation: Forbidden Between Persons Near of Kin ►

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In the biblical context, the act of copulation, or sexual relations, is addressed with specific prohibitions concerning individuals who are closely related by blood or marriage. These prohibitions are primarily outlined in the Old Testament, particularly in the book of Leviticus, which serves as a foundational text for understanding the moral and ceremonial laws given to the Israelites.

Biblical Prohibitions

The primary passage addressing forbidden sexual relations between persons near of kin is found in Leviticus 18. This chapter provides a detailed list of prohibited relationships, emphasizing the sanctity and purity expected within the community of God's people. The text begins with a general command to avoid the practices of the surrounding nations and to adhere to God's statutes:

"You must not do as they do in the land of Egypt, where you used to live, and you must not do as they do in the land of Canaan, to which I am bringing you. You must not walk in their customs." (Leviticus 18:3)

The chapter then enumerates specific relationships that are considered incestuous and therefore forbidden:

1. Parent and Child: "You must not have sexual relations with your father’s wife; it would dishonor your father." (Leviticus 18:8)
2. Sibling: "You must not have sexual relations with your sister, either your father’s daughter or your mother’s daughter, whether she was born in the same home or elsewhere." (Leviticus 18:9)
3. Grandchild: "You must not have sexual relations with your son’s daughter or your daughter’s daughter, for that would dishonor you." (Leviticus 18:10)
4. Aunt: "You must not have sexual relations with your father’s sister or your mother’s sister, for it would dishonor a close relative." (Leviticus 18:12-13)
5. In-law: "You must not have sexual relations with your daughter-in-law. She is your son’s wife; you are not to have sexual relations with her." (Leviticus 18:15)

These prohibitions are reiterated in Leviticus 20, where the consequences for violating these laws are also outlined, often involving severe penalties, including death. The emphasis on these laws underscores the importance of maintaining familial boundaries and the integrity of the family unit.

Theological and Moral Implications

The prohibitions against incestuous relationships are rooted in the theological understanding of holiness and the distinctiveness of God's people. By adhering to these laws, the Israelites were to reflect the holiness of God in their personal and communal lives. The family unit was to be a place of safety, respect, and proper order, free from the corruption and moral decay seen in the surrounding pagan cultures.

Furthermore, these laws serve to protect the vulnerable and maintain the social structure ordained by God. The boundaries set by these prohibitions are intended to prevent exploitation and abuse within the family, ensuring that relationships are characterized by love, respect, and appropriate roles.

New Testament Perspective

While the New Testament does not explicitly reiterate the detailed prohibitions found in Leviticus, the principles of sexual purity and the sanctity of marriage are upheld. The apostle Paul, in his letters, emphasizes the importance of fleeing sexual immorality and maintaining honorable conduct among believers:

"Flee from sexual immorality. Every other sin a man can commit is outside his body, but he who sins sexually sins against his own body." (1 Corinthians 6:18)

The New Testament continues to affirm the Old Testament's moral teachings, calling believers to live lives that honor God and reflect His holiness in all relationships, including those within the family.

Nave's Topical Index

Leviticus 18:6-16
None of you shall approach to any that is near of kin to him, to uncover their nakedness: I am the LORD.
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