Darius: The Mede, King of Persia
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Darius the Mede is a significant figure mentioned in the Book of Daniel, particularly in the context of the transition of power from the Babylonian Empire to the Medo-Persian Empire. His role is pivotal in the narrative of Daniel, where he is depicted as a ruler who interacts directly with the prophet Daniel.

Historical Context and Identity

Darius the Mede is introduced in Daniel 5:31, following the fall of Babylon to the Medes and Persians. The text states, "And Darius the Mede received the kingdom at the age of sixty-two." This transition marks the end of the Babylonian reign and the beginning of the Medo-Persian rule. The identity of Darius the Mede has been a subject of scholarly debate, as he is not directly attested in other historical records outside the biblical text. Some conservative scholars propose that Darius the Mede could be an alternate name or title for a known historical figure, such as Gubaru (Gobryas), a governor under Cyrus the Great, or even Cyrus himself, who might have used a different title in the context of the Medes.

Role in the Book of Daniel

Darius the Mede's reign is most notably described in Daniel 6, where he is portrayed as a ruler who respects Daniel and his God. The narrative of Daniel in the lions' den occurs during Darius's rule. The king is depicted as being manipulated by his officials into signing a decree that ultimately leads to Daniel's persecution for his unwavering devotion to God. Daniel 6:9 states, "Therefore King Darius signed the written decree."

Despite his initial compliance with the decree, Darius shows great concern for Daniel. Daniel 6:14 records, "As soon as the king heard this, he was deeply distressed, and he set his mind on delivering Daniel." This passage highlights Darius's respect for Daniel and his desire to save him from the lions' den. After Daniel's miraculous deliverance, Darius acknowledges the power of Daniel's God, issuing a decree that reveres the God of Daniel throughout his kingdom (Daniel 6:26-27).

Theological Significance

From a theological perspective, Darius the Mede's interactions with Daniel underscore the sovereignty of God over earthly kingdoms and rulers. The narrative demonstrates that God can influence the hearts of kings and use them to fulfill His divine purposes. Darius's acknowledgment of God's power serves as a testament to the God of Israel's supremacy over all nations and deities.

Darius's Decree and Its Impact

The decree issued by Darius after Daniel's deliverance is significant in its recognition of God's eternal dominion. Daniel 6:26-27 records, "I issue a decree that in every part of my kingdom, people must fear and reverence the God of Daniel. For He is the living God, and He endures forever; His kingdom will never be destroyed, and His dominion will never end." This proclamation not only affirms the power of God but also serves as a witness to the surrounding nations of His might and faithfulness.

Conclusion

While the historical identity of Darius the Mede remains a topic of discussion, his portrayal in the Book of Daniel provides valuable insights into the themes of divine sovereignty, faithfulness, and the power of God to protect and deliver His people. Through Darius's interactions with Daniel, the biblical narrative emphasizes the enduring truth of God's reign over all earthly powers.
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Daniel 5:31
And Darius the Median took the kingdom, being about three score and two years old.
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Daniel 6:1
It pleased Darius to set over the kingdom an hundred and twenty princes, which should be over the whole kingdom;
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Daniel 9:1
In the first year of Darius the son of Ahasuerus, of the seed of the Medes, which was made king over the realm of the Chaldeans;
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Library

In the Meantime, those Jews, Who, as we have Said Above...
... by the king, the building of the city was put a stop to, and delayed until the second
year of Darius the king. ... Well, then, after Darius the Mede, who, as ...
/.../severus/life and writings of sulpitius severus /chapter ix in the meantime.htm

Demonstration v. --Of Wars.
... of Japhet held the kingdom, then they slew Darius, the king of Persia ... This signified
concerning a kingdom which was inferior to it; namely, Darius the Mede. ...
/.../aphrahat/aphrahat select demonstrations/demonstration v of wars.htm

The Rebuilding of the Temple.
... won favour at the court of Darius the Mede by his ... Darius was a great King, and records
of his history are ... Darius died in 485, and his son, Xerxes, who Daniel ...
/.../yonge/the chosen people/lesson xiii the rebuilding of.htm

On the Words Incarnate, and Made Man.
... in whose 6th year (bc 516) the Temple was finished (Ezra 6:15) was Darius Hystaspis,
king of Persia, whom Cyril here confounds with "Darius the Mede." He also ...
/.../cyril/lectures of s cyril of jerusalem/lecture xii on the words.htm

Daniel
... With great elaboration and detail the fortunes of the king of the north, who is ... any
room in this period of the history (538 BC) for "Darius the Mede," v.31 ...
//christianbookshelf.org/mcfadyen/introduction to the old testament/daniel.htm

The Greater Prophets.
... He belonged to the royal family of Judah, being one of the number "of the king's
seed and of the princes," whom Nebuchadnezzar ... By Darius the Mede he was ...
/.../barrows/companion to the bible/chapter xxii the greater prophets.htm

The Unseen Watcher
... Babylon was besieged by Cyrus, nephew of Darius the Mede, and commanding ... as in type
to its first, had come the sentence of the divine Watcher: "O king, . . ...
/.../white/the story of prophets and kings/chapter 43 the unseen watcher.htm

Cyrus, the Servant Of-The Lord {4}
... defeat the innumerable horsemen of the Mede, take the ... When old Herodotus tells me
how, King Astyages having ... What motives prompted Cyrus, and Darius after him ...
/.../kingsley/historical lectures and essays/cyrus the servant of-the lord.htm

The Servant of the Lord.
... defeat the innumerable horsemen of the Mede, take the ... When old Herodotus tells me
how, King Astyages having ... What motives prompted Cyrus, and Darius after him ...
/.../kingsley/lectures delivered in america in 1874/lecture iv the servant of.htm

The Last Days of the Old Eastern World
... hands on Macedonia, and obliged its king, Alexander, to ... was transferred to Datis
the Mede and to the ... Darius, however, while tentatively using the land routes ...
/.../chapter iithe last days of 2.htm

Resources
What are the books of 1 Esdras and 2 Esdras? | GotQuestions.org

Is public prayer biblical? Is it okay to pray in public? | GotQuestions.org

Who was Esther in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org

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Darius

Darius: King of Persia: Emancipates the Jews

Darius: The Mede, King of Persia

Darius: The Persian

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Haggai (14 Occurrences)

Median (3 Occurrences)

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Daniel (74 Occurrences)

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Governor (78 Occurrences)

Chronology

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Zephaniah (11 Occurrences)

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Darius: King of Persia: Emancipates the Jews
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