Mattithiah
Mattithiah is a biblical figure mentioned in the context of the Levitical musicians appointed by King David for the service of the house of the LORD. He is identified as one of the sons of Heman, who was a seer in the words of God and a prominent musician in the temple worship (1 Chronicles 25:4-5). Heman, along with Asaph and Jeduthun, was appointed by David to prophesy with lyres, harps, and cymbals (1 Chronicles 25:1).

Role in Temple Worship
Mattithiah, as a son of Heman, was part of the group of musicians who were set apart for the ministry of music in the temple. The sons of Heman were given the responsibility to serve in the musical aspect of worship, which was an integral part of the temple services. This role was not merely for entertainment but was considered a form of prophecy and spiritual ministry, as music was used to glorify God and edify the people.

Biblical Reference
In 1 Chronicles 25:4-5, Mattithiah is listed among the sons of Heman: "Heman’s sons: Bukkiah, Mattaniah, Uzziel, Shebuel, Jerimoth, Hananiah, Hanani, Eliathah, Giddalti, Romamti-ezer, Joshbekashah, Mallothi, Hothir, and Mahazioth." The passage highlights the large family of Heman, who had fourteen sons and three daughters, all of whom were involved in the musical service of the temple.

Division of Duties
The sons of Heman, including Mattithiah, were divided into groups to ensure that the musical worship was continuous and well-organized. According to 1 Chronicles 25:9-31, the musicians were divided by lot into twenty-four divisions, each serving in the temple at different times. This division ensured that the worship was orderly and that each family had the opportunity to contribute to the temple services.

Significance of Music in Worship
The appointment of Mattithiah and his brothers as musicians underscores the importance of music in the worship of God. Music was seen as a means to express praise, thanksgiving, and adoration to the LORD. It was also a way to communicate divine truths and prophecies, as the musicians were considered to be prophesying through their music.

Legacy
The legacy of Mattithiah and his brothers is seen in the continued emphasis on music in Christian worship. Their dedication to their craft and their role in the temple service set a precedent for the use of music as a vital component of worship. The biblical account of their service serves as a reminder of the importance of using one's talents for the glory of God and the edification of His people.