The breastplate worn by the High Priest of Israel, known as the "Breastplate of Judgment," is a significant element of the priestly garments as described in the Old Testament. This sacred vestment is detailed in the Book of Exodus, where its construction and materials are meticulously outlined, reflecting its importance in the religious and cultural life of ancient Israel.

Biblical Description and Materials

The instructions for the breastplate are found in Exodus 28:15-30. The breastplate was to be crafted by skilled artisans, using materials that were both precious and symbolic. The Berean Standard Bible provides a clear account of these materials:

1. Gold: The breastplate was to be made with gold, which was used to create chains and settings. Gold, a symbol of purity and divinity, underscored the sacred nature of the High Priest's role.

2. Blue, Purple, and Scarlet Yarn: These colors were woven into the fabric of the breastplate. Blue often symbolizes heaven or divine revelation, purple represents royalty and majesty, and scarlet signifies sacrifice and atonement.

3. Fine Linen: The use of finely twisted linen indicates purity and righteousness. Linen was a common material in priestly garments, emphasizing the sanctity required of those who served in the tabernacle.

4. Twelve Precious Stones: The breastplate featured twelve stones, each set in gold filigree, representing the twelve tribes of Israel. The stones were arranged in four rows of three. According to Exodus 28:17-21 , the stones included:
· First row: carnelian, chrysolite, and emerald
· Second row: turquoise, sapphire, and diamond
· Third row: jacinth, agate, and amethyst
· Fourth row: beryl, onyx, and jasper

Each stone was engraved with the name of one of the tribes, signifying the High Priest's role as an intercessor for the entire nation before God.

5. Gold Chains and Rings: The breastplate was attached to the ephod (a sleeveless garment worn by the High Priest) using gold chains and rings, ensuring it remained securely in place over the heart of the High Priest.

Symbolic Significance

The materials of the breastplate were not chosen arbitrarily; each element carried deep symbolic meaning. The combination of precious stones, gold, and richly colored fabrics highlighted the dignity and responsibility of the High Priest. The breastplate served as a constant reminder of the High Priest's duty to bear the names of the tribes of Israel before the Lord, symbolizing his role as a mediator between God and His people.

The intricate design and valuable materials of the breastplate reflect the holiness and reverence associated with the priestly office. The High Priest, adorned with such a garment, was set apart for the sacred task of offering sacrifices and seeking divine guidance for the nation of Israel.Exodus 28:15
And you shall make the breastplate of judgment with cunning work; after the work of the ephod you shall make it; of gold, of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, and of fine twined linen, shall you make it.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Exodus 39:8
And he made the breastplate of cunning work, like the work of the ephod; of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen.
Torrey's Topical Textbook

Subjects of Study. Home Education in Israel; Female Education. ...
... of the graving of words on the gems of the high-priest's breastplate, of the ... to follow
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Text-Divisions: Stichi, Chapters, Lections, Catenae.
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the ... (2) It would be interesting, if sufficient materials were available, to ...
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The Holy City; Or, the New Jerusalem:
... To the first I say, the matter indeed is excellent and high; but for my part I am
weak and low; it also deserveth a more full and profound discourse than my ...
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A Discourse
... to the immediate interposition of the Most High, as in ... four rows of precious stones
upon Aaron's breastplate when he ... Christ is a priest to save, a prophet to ...
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Mr. Bunyan's Last Sermon:
... King's dominions, and they that can tell, say, they are the best materials to make ...
unto thee as to other weak men, who, meddling with things too high for them ...
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