Topical Bible: Pools and Ponds: Gibeon

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Topical Encyclopedia

Gibeon, an ancient city located in the territory of Benjamin, holds significant historical and biblical importance. It is notably mentioned in the context of pools and ponds, which played a crucial role in the events recorded in the Scriptures.

Historical Context

Gibeon was a prominent Canaanite city that became famous for its strategic alliance with Israel during the conquest of Canaan. The Gibeonites, through cunning diplomacy, secured a treaty with Joshua, as recorded in Joshua 9. This alliance later led to the city's involvement in various biblical narratives, including the notable battle where Joshua commanded the sun to stand still (Joshua 10:12-14).

The Pool of Gibeon

The Pool of Gibeon is specifically mentioned in the account of a significant confrontation between the forces of King David and those loyal to Saul's son, Ish-bosheth. This event is detailed in 2 Samuel 2:12-17, where the pool serves as the backdrop for a fierce encounter between the two factions. The passage states:

"Then Abner son of Ner and the servants of Ish-bosheth son of Saul went out from Mahanaim to Gibeon. So Joab son of Zeruiah and the servants of David went out and met them by the pool of Gibeon. And they sat down, one group on one side of the pool and the other on the opposite side." (2 Samuel 2:12-13)

The pool at Gibeon was not merely a geographical feature but a significant site for military and political events. The confrontation at the pool led to a deadly skirmish known as the Battle of Gibeon, which resulted in a decisive victory for David's forces.

Archaeological Insights

Archaeological excavations at Gibeon have uncovered a large, well-engineered water system, including a massive pool hewn out of rock. This pool, measuring approximately 37 feet in diameter and 35 feet deep, is believed to be the very pool mentioned in the biblical narrative. The engineering prowess demonstrated in the construction of this pool underscores the city's importance and the advanced capabilities of its inhabitants.

Symbolic and Theological Significance

In biblical literature, water often symbolizes life, sustenance, and divine provision. The Pool of Gibeon, therefore, can be seen as a symbol of God's providence and the unfolding of His divine plan through the historical events that transpired there. The pool's role in the narrative of David's rise to power highlights the theme of God's sovereignty and the fulfillment of His promises to Israel.

Conclusion

The Pool of Gibeon stands as a testament to the rich historical and theological tapestry of the biblical narrative. Its mention in Scripture serves as a reminder of the intricate interplay between divine providence and human history, as well as the enduring significance of water as a symbol of life and blessing in the biblical tradition.

Torrey's Topical Textbook

2 Samuel 2:13
And Joab the son of Zeruiah, and the servants of David, went out, and met together by the pool of Gibeon: and they sat down, the one on the one side of the pool, and the other on the other side of the pool.
Torrey's Topical Textbook